Lesson 8: Leading pt. 2 Flashcards
Those in positions of leadership exhibit a pattern of behavior that is unique and different from other patterns. This total pattern of behavior is called
Leadership style
There are two ways, a leader may approach people to motivate them. They are (1) _____ and (2) ______
- positive leadership
- negative leadership
Negative leadership is characterized by the use of punishment, such as _____, _______, _______ to address issue.
- reprimands
- suspension
- dismissal
Three ways a leader uses power:
- Autocratic
- Participative
- Free-rein
Two orientations, a leader’s orientation towards task and people.
- Employee orientation
- Task orientation
Leaders who make decisions themselves, without consulting subordinates
Autocratic Leader
When a leader openly invite his subordinates to participate or share in decisions, policy-making and operation methods
Participative Leader
Leaders who set objectives and allow employees or subordinates relative freedom to do whatever it takes to accomplish these objectives
Free-Rein Leader
The _________ is effective in emergencies and when absolute followership is needed. currently damaged.
Autocratic style
A leader is said to be ______ when he considers employees as human beings of “intrinsic importance and with individual and personal need” to satisfy.
employee oriented
A leader is said to be ______ if he places stress on production and the technical aspects of the Job and the employees are viewed as the means of getting the work done.
task-oriented
According to _______, “leadership is effective when the leader’s style is appropriate to the situation.”
Fred Fiedler
This is an effort to determine through research which managerial practices, and techniques are appropriate in specific situations.
contingency approach
In Fiedler’s Contingency Model, the situational characteristics is determined by three principal factors:
- the relations between leaders and followers
- the structure of the task
- the power inherent in the leader’s position
This model suggests that the most important factor affecting the selection of a leader’s style is the development (or maturity) level of subordinate.” The leader should match his or her style to this maturity level.
Hersey and Blanchard Situational Leadership Model
In Hersey and Blanchard Situational Leadership Model, maturity has two components
- Job skills and knowledge
- Psychological maturity
Style:____ is for people who have competence but lack of confidence or motivation.
Supporting
Style: _____ is for people who have both competence and commitment.
Delegating
Style: _____ is for people who have some competence but lack commitment
Coaching
Style: ______is for people who lack competence but are enthusiastic and committed
Directing
This model of leadership, stipulates that leadership can be made effective because leaders can influence subordinate’s perceptions of their work goals, personal goals, and paths to goal attainment.
Path-Goal Model of Leadership
The path-goal model of leadership espoused by___ and ____
Robert J. House and Terence R. Mitchell
The leader focuses on clear task assignments, standards of successful performance, and work schedules
Directive Leadership
Where subordinates are treated as equals in friendly manner while striving to improve their well-being
Supportive Leadership
Where the leader consults with subordinates to seek their suggestions and then seriously considers those suggestions when making decisions.
Participative Leadership
Where the leader set challenging goals, emphasize excellence, and seek continuous improvement while maintaining a high degree of confidence that subordinates will meet difficult challenges in a responsible manner.
Achievement-oriented Leadership
What are the leadership styles which may be used by path-goal proponents?
- Directive Leadership
- Supportive Leadership
- Participative Leadership
- Achievement-oriented Leadership
______ is one that prescribes the proper leadership style for various situations, focusing on the appropriate degrees of delegation of decision making authority.
Vroom’s Model of Leadership
____ distinct decision-making styles are identified under the Vroom model. Two of them are ______ , two others are ______ , and one is group directed.
- Five
- autocratic
- consultative
