Lesson 8: How The Qur'ān Came Down

Question 1

Who was one of the scholars who fell into the mistake of Kalam Nafsi and whats the refutation of it?

Answer 1

Some people assumed because of this Jibreel takes the Quran from bayt al’izza and called to Kalam an nafsi (that Allah didn’t speak the Quran with a sound.) Suyuti (911 AH) in Itqan fi’uloom al Quran fell into this mistake, and says that some madhabs have issues with this, and he was an Ashari.

Other scholars refuted him and his beliefs with regards to the athar of Ibn Abbas, that it is authentic, and does not negate the fact that Jibreel عليه السلام took the Quran directly from Allah, and heard it from him, and this is mentioned in the books of ‘Aqeedah.

Question 2

Ahadith and Athar affirming Allah speaks with a voice

Answer 2

> **إِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏

“‏ إِذَا قَضَى اللَّهُ الأَمْرَ فِي السَّمَاءِ ضَرَبَتِ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ بِأَجْنِحَتِهَا خُضْعَانًا لِقَوْلِهِ كَأَنَّهُ سِلْسِلَةٌ عَلَى صَفْوَانٍ فَإِذَا فُزِّعَ عَنْ قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالُوا مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ، قَالُوا لِلَّذِي قَالَ الْحَقَّ وَهُوَ الْعَلِيُّ الْكَبِيرُ فَيَسْمَعُهَا مُسْتَرِقُ السَّمْعِ، وَمُسْتَرِقُ السَّمْعِ هَكَذَا بَعْضُهُ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ ـ وَوَصَفَ سُفْيَانُ بِكَفِّهِ فَحَرَفَهَا وَبَدَّدَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ ـ فَيَسْمَعُ الْكَلِمَةَ، فَيُلْقِيهَا إِلَى مَنْ تَحْتَهُ ثُمَّ يُلْقِيهَا الآخَرُ إِلَى مَنْ تَحْتَهُ، حَتَّى يُلْقِيَهَا عَلَى لِسَانِ السَّاحِرِ أَوِ الْكَاهِنِ، فَرُبَّمَا أَدْرَكَ الشِّهَابُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُلْقِيَهَا، وَرُبَّمَا أَلْقَاهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدْرِكَهُ، فَيَكْذِبُ مَعَهَا مِائَةَ كَذْبَةٍ، فَيُقَالُ أَلَيْسَ قَدْ قَالَ لَنَا يَوْمَ كَذَا وَكَذَا كَذَا وَكَذَا فَيُصَدَّقُ بِتِلْكَ الْكَلِمَةِ الَّتِي سَمِعَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ ‏”**
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> Narrated Abu Huraira:
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> Allah’s Prophet said, “When Allah decrees some order in the heaven, the angels flutter their wings indicating complete surrender to His saying which sounds like chains being dragged on rock. And when the state of fear disappears, they ask each other, “What has your Lord ordered? They say that He has said that which is true and just, and He is the Most High, the Most Great.” (34.23). Then the stealthy listeners (devils) hear this order, and these stealthy listeners are like this, one over the other.” (Sufyan, a sub-narrator demonstrated that by holding his hand upright and separating the fingers.) A stealthy listener hears a word which he will convey to that which is below him and the second will convey it to that which is below him till the last of them will convey it to the wizard or foreteller. Sometimes a flame (fire) may strike the devil before he can convey it, and sometimes he may convey it before the flame (fire) strikes him, whereupon the wizard adds to that word a hundred lies. The people will then say, ‘Didn’t he (i.e. magician) tell such-and-such a thing on such-and-such date?’ So that magician is said to have told the truth because of the Statement which has been heard from the heavens.”
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- the angels hear Allah ﷻ

For the following 2 hadith, couldn’t find the exact wording the ustadh mentioned, so here are 2 similar ones.

<aside>

> **عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: إِذَا تَكَلَّمَ اللَّهُ سبحانه وتعالى بِالْوَحْيِ، سَمِعَ أَهْلُ السَّمَاوَاتِ صَلْصَلَةً كَصَلْصَلَةِ السِّلْسِلَةِ عَلَى الصَّفْوَانِ، فَيُصْعَقُونَ لِذَلِكَ، وَيَخِرُّونَ سُجَّدًا، فَإِذَا عَلِمُوا أَنَّهُ وَحْيٌ، فُزِّعَ عَنْ قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالَ: رُدَّتْ إِلَيْهِمْ أَرْوَاحُهُمْ، فَيُنَادِي أَهْلُ السَّمَاوَاتِ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا: مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ؟ قَالُوا الْحَقَّ وَهُوَ الْعَلِيُّ الْكَبِيرُ**
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> **"From Masruq, from Abdullah, who said: When Allah, glorified and exalted, speaks the revelation, the inhabitants of the heavens hear a sound like the clanging of a chain on a rock. They become unconscious and fall down in prostration. When they know that it is revelation, the terror leaves their hearts, their souls are returned to them, and they call out to each other: 'What has your Lord said?' They reply: 'The truth. He is the Most High, the Most Great.'”**
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</aside>

<aside>

> **إذاتكلَّماللهُبالوَحْيِسَمِعَأهلُالسَّمَواتِ، فإذا فُزِّعَ عن قلوبِهم وسكن الصوتُ وعَرَفوا أنَّه الحَقُّ، نادَوا: {مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ} قالوا الحق**
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> **When Allah speaks the revelation, the inhabitants of the heavens hear it. When the terror leaves their hearts and the sound calms down, and they recognize that it is the truth, they call out: 'What did your Lord say?' They say: 'The truth.'”**
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</aside>

• by affirming the statement of Ibn ‘Abbas it does not we are upon what the Asharis believe.
• Shaykh Muhammed Ibn Ibraheem aal ash Shaykh was opposed to affirming it, while we are saying affirming it does not we are acknowledging and accepting the statements of the Ashairah

Question 3

Evidence Jibreel brought down the Quran

Answer 3

> وَإِنَّهُۥ لَتَنزِيلُ رَبِّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَنَزَلَ بِهِ ٱلرُّوحُ ٱلۡأَمِينُعَلَىٰ قَلۡبِكَ لِتَكُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُنذِرِينَبِلِسَانٍ عَرَبِىٍّ مُّبِينٍAnd truly, this (the Qur’an) is a revelation from the Lord of the ‘alamin (mankind, jinn and all that exists)The Trustworthy Spirit has brought it downUpon your heart (O Muhammad ﷺ) that you may be (one) of the warnersIn a clear Arabic language.-Shu’ara 192-195