Lesson 1: What is ‘Uloom al Quran? Flashcards
If a word is a compound of 2 words what do we do?
you define each word individually, then you come back to it again and you define it together
What is ‘Uloom?
It is a the plural form of ‘Ilm, and ilm means .
إِدْرَاكُ الشَّيْءِ عَلَى حَقِيقَتِهِ إِدْرَاكًا جَازِمًا. اِقْرَأْ الْمَزِيدَ عَلَى مَوْضُوع
to perceive something in its true nature with firm conviction.
What are 3 things needed to make something knowledge?
- Perception
- The perception being correct
- You must be certain about it
Give examples of levels of perception
the highest being knowledge, lowest being ignorance. Things in the middle like doubt, certaintity
What is knowledge categorized into? What are they?
- Theoretical-عِلْم النَظَرِي - comes about after observing
- Essential/necessary-عِلْمُ الضَّرُورِي knowledge that you don’t need to look, ponder, something innate like a child knowing a fire will burn.
What is the issue that scholars said is similar to ‘ilm? What is the difference between it and ilm, and why did the scholars dispute?
عِلْمُ الْمَعْرِفَةِ- The scholars say عِلْمُ الْمَعْرِفَةِ يَسْبِقُ بِالْجَهْلِ al ma’rifa is perceded by ignorance. So if you say i Have ma’rifa about something, it means there was a point you didnt know it at one time, but now you do. As such some scholars said you cant call Allah a’rif, while others said you can as Allah called himself that
What was the evidence of those who said it is permissible to use the word عَارِف for ﷲ?
**تَعَرَّفْ إلَى اللَّهِ فِي الرَّخَاءِ يَعْرِفُك فِي الشِّدَّةِ
**
Recognize and acknowledge Allah in times of ease and prosperity, and He will remember you in times of adversity.
Can عِلْمُ الْمَعْرِفَةِ and عِلْمُ be used interchangeably?
yes
What is the linguistic meaning of ‘Quran? What are some of the evidences for it in the Quran and sunnah?
قَرَأَ- It is taken from the root word قَرَأَwhich means تَلاَ, which means to recite, and this is the apparent.
فَاِذَا قَرَاْتَ الْقُرْاٰنَ فَاسْتَعِذْ بِاللّٰهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطٰنِ الرَّجِيْمِ
So when you recite the Qur’ān, [first] seek refuge in Allāh from Satan, the expelled [from His mercy].
وَاِذَا قُرِيٴَ الْقُرْاٰنُ فَاسْتَمِعُوْا لَهٗ وَاَنْصِتُوْا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ
So when the Qur’ān is recited, then listen to it and pay attention that you may receive mercy.
وَمَا تَكُونُ فِي شَأْنٍ وَمَا تَتْلُوا۟ مِنْهُ مِن قُرْآنٍ وَلَا تَعْمَلُونَ مِنْ عَمَلٍ إِلَّا كُنَّا عَلَيْكُمْ شُهُودًا إِذْ تُفِيضُونَ فِيهِۚ وَمَا يَعْزُبُ عَن رَّبِّكَ مِن مِّثْقَالِ ذَرَّةٍ فِي ٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَلَآ أَصْغَرَ مِن ذَٰلِكَ وَلَآ أَكْبَرَ إِلَّا فِي كِتَٰبٍ مُّبِينٍ
And, [O Muḥammad], you are not [engaged] in any matter and do not recite any of the Qur’ān and you [people] do not do any deed except that We are witness over you when you are involved in it. And not absent from your Lord is any [part] of an atom’s weight1within the earth or within the heaven or [anything] smaller than that or greater but that it is in a clear register.
In the sunnah
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: “اقْرَأِ الْقُرْآنَ فِي شَهْرٍ”. قُلْتُ: إِنِّي أَجِدُ قُوَّةً. قَالَ: “فَاقْرَأْهُ فِي عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً”. قُلْتُ: إِنِّي أَجِدُ قُوَّةً. قَالَ: “فَاقْرَأْهُ فِي سَبْعٍ، وَلَا تَزِدْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ”.
Abdullah bin ‘Amr bin Al-‘As (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to me, “Recite the whole Qur’an in one month’s time.” I said, “I have strength to recite it in a shorter period.” Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “Then recite it in twenty days.” I said, “I have strength to recite it in a shorter period.” He said, “Then recite it in seven days, but not in less time than this.”
[Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
Why did the earlier generations not focus on technical definition?
It was unnecessary, and the meaning was well known
What is the technical definition of “Quran”
هُوَ كَلَامُ اللَّهِ المُنَزَّلُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ المُتَعَبَّدُ بِتِلَاوَتِهِ المُعْجِزُ بِالأَقْصَرِ سُورَةٍ.
It is the words of Allah revealed to the Messenger of God (peace be upon him), worshipped through its recitation, and miraculous in the shortest surah.”
What is the explanation for the parts of the technical definition of Quran? From general to specific and explain how hadith qudsi is different
- هُوَ كَلَامُ اللَّهِ- The speech of Allah (that encompasses in its totality, to the angels, prophets etc. )
- المُنَزَّلُ-That which has come down, so if Allah speaks to the angels, if it doesn’t come down it isn’t Quran
- عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ-That which came down upon the prophet Muhammed ﷺ. However, even with this it does not remove hadith qudsi as everything above still applies.
- المُتَعَبَّدُ بِتِلَاوَتِهِ-We worship Allah with it, every letter in the Quran, and this as well as the next point remove hadith qudsi
- المُعْجِزُ بِالأَقْصَرِ سُورَةٍ-Theres a challenge in the shortest surah of the Quran Allah challenged the people with the Quran
What were the opinions of what ‘Uloom al Quran is?
- any information that falls under the quran- indirectly or directly and this was the view of abu bakr ibn al arabi al maliki (543 AH) and the scholars who held this view mentioned the sciences of it number 50, 7450, 500 sciences
- certain types of information that are restricted, directly to the book of Allah- like descending of quran, compilation, reasons for revlations etc. The second one is more detailed, and directly to the quran than the former.
- theres types of uloom al quran that come out from it and directly connected to it-, like makki, madina, when the quran came down 7 ahruf, the numbers of the verses, al waqf l ittiba,
- its that its shared with other sciences- like i’rab, balaghah
What are other names given to ‘Uloom al Quran?
- ‘Ilm al Quran
- ‘ilm al kitab/’Uloom al kitab
- Ilm al tanzeel/uloom al tanzeel
All of these are synonymous of Uloom al Quran.
where can I read more about this?
In the book المحرر في علوم القرآن
