Lesson 11: Types of Variances in the Well-Known Qira'at | أنواع التنوعات في القراءة السبعة

Question 1

What are the 2 categories the types of Variances in the Well-Known Qira’at go back to?

Answer 1

• Those that go back to dialects: 6
• The Types that go back to the Writing: 5

Question 2

Types of Variances in the Well-Known Qirat that go back to: dialects (6) and examples

Answer 2

1. ر
   - Idhar is also known as الفك- al Fakk
   
   1. Idgham > Merging
      
      1. قسَّمع
   2. الفك (الإظهار) > Separating
      
      1. قَدْ سَمِعَ

1. الإمالة والفتح-Tilting and opening
   - الفتح would be for example pronouncing: الضحى as it is pronounced.
   - Al Imalāh is tilting. Thus it’d be pronounced as - Ad-Duhei
   - ExampleRPReplay_Final1698424755.mov

1. القصر والمد- Shortening and Lengthening.

1. ٱلتَّسْهِيلُوَٱلتَّحْقِيقُ(أٓاعْجَمِيٌّ،أَأَعْجَمِيٌّ)-The meeting of 2 hamzas
   - When there is 2 ء following each other, one is pronounced as: أَأَْعجَمي
   - While the other as: أعْجمي

1. ٱلتَّحْقِيقُوَٱلْإِبْدَالُ (pronouncing the ء)

This is when one is pronounced as:

يُؤْمِنُونَ

The other as: يُومِنُونَ

1. ٱلْإِبْدَالُبَيْنَٱلْحُرُوفِ (Changing letters which sound same and the meaning remains the same)

like س and ص

Thesetypesgo back toٱلْأَدَاءِ - the way you pass on the recitation (sound noise, etc which are phonics) as they are related to phonics associated with thedifferentdialectsoftheArabtribes

Question 3

Types of Variances in the Well-Known Qirat that go back to: the Writing (5) and examples

Answer 3

1. ٱلزِّيَادَةُوَٱلنُّقْصَانُ-adding and subtracting
   - أَوْصَىٰ
   - وَصَّىٰ
   - تَجْرِيمِنتَحْتِهَا
   - تَجْرِيتَحْتِهَا

1. ٱخْتِلَافُٱلْإِعْرَابِ-DifferencesinGrammaticalCaseEndings
   - فَتَلَقَّىٰآدَمُمِنرَّبِّهِكَلِمَاتٍ
   - فَتَلَقَّىٰآدَمَمِنرَّبِّهِكَلِمَاتٌ

1. ٱلْخِطَابُوَٱلْغَيْبَةُ- DirectAddressandAbsence(speaking about someone in the third person)
   - يَعْلَمُونَ- this is الغيبة where the third person (absent) is being referred to
   - تَعْلَمُونَ- this is الخطابwhere the second person (direct address) is being addressed

1. ٱلتَّذْكِيرُوَٱلتَّأْنِيثُ- Regarding going from feminine to masculine and vice versa
   - كَانَسَيِّئُهُ
   - كَانَسَيِّئَةً
   - كَٱلَّذِيٱسْتَهْوَتْهُ
   - كَٱلَّذِيٱسْتَهْوَاهُ

1. تَغْيِيرُٱلْكَلِمَةِوَمَعْنَاهَا- ChangingtheWordandItsMeaning
   - تَبْلُوا
   - تَتْلُوا
   - بِظَنِينٍ
   - بِضَنِينٍ

Question 4

Recap of this and last lesson:

Answer 4

• Ahadith relating to the Ahruf and the benefits
• Variations and differences that are present in the well known Qira’at

Question 5

There is a Khilaf that relates to the Ahruf and ‘Uthman. What’s it about?

Answer 5

There is a khilaf if ‘Uthman take the entirety of the Ahruf, or choose 1 of the Ahruf?

When we say Khilaf- we have to look for what it is built on. And in this case, it goes back to the understanding of What the Ahruf is (which will be answered later)

And this issue split the scholars into 2, those saying yes and those saying no.