lesson 8 control of blood glucose and concentration

Question 1

why is glucose needed by every cell

Answer 1

to release energy by respiration

(very important that concentration of glucose in the blood is kept as constant as possible)

Question 2

the blood glucose concentration is monitored by what

Answer 2

the pancreas

Question 3

after a meal rich of carbohydrates what happens to the concentration of glucose in the blood

Answer 3

it will rise

Question 4

when the concentration of glucose in the blood rises,

this is sensed by what and produces what

Answer 4

sensed by the pancreas as produces hormone insulin

Question 5

insulin travels in the bloodstream where

Answer 5

all around the body

Question 6

insulin travels in the bloodstream all around the body and it triggers what

Answer 6

body cells to take up glucose from the blood

Question 7

insulin also triggers liver and muscle cells to do what

Answer 7

store access glucose, as a storage molecule called glycogen

Question 8

as glucose is being taken out of the blood and stored, means what

Answer 8

the concentration of glucose in the body returns to a normal level

Question 9

if some people’s blood glucose control does not work effectively, it means they have which condition

Answer 9

diabetes

Question 10

in type 1 diabetes, the pancreas doesn’t produce what

Answer 10

enough insulin

Question 11

a person without diabetes blood glucose concentration rapidly returns to what

why

Answer 11

normal

due to the affects of insulin

Question 12

in a person with type 1 diabetes, the blood glucose concentration rises, and then what

why

Answer 12

it stays at a high level

pancreas cannot produce sufficient insulin

Question 13

if blood glucose rises too much, people with type 1 diabetes will do what

why

Answer 13

inject themselves with insulin

so their blood glucose concentration will fall

Question 14

in type 2 diabetes, the body cells do what to the insulin

Answer 14

it stops responding to insulin produced by the pancreas

Question 15

in type 2 diabetes, the peoples blood glucose can also what

Answer 15

rise too high

Question 16

how is type 2 diabetes treated

Answer 16

by a diet often containing a controlled level of carbs

Question 17

why do people with type 2 diabetes have a diet with a controlled level of carbs

Answer 17

so your blood glucose concentration doesn’t rise too high

Question 18

people with type 2 diabetes are also advised to what

Answer 18

take exercise

Question 19

a major risk factor of type 2 diabetes is what

Answer 19

obesity

Question 20

if the blood glucose concentration is too low, then the pancreas produces which hormone

Answer 20

glucagon into the bloodstream

Question 21

glucagon triggers what to liver cells

Answer 21

to convert glycogen back to glucose

Question 22

as glycogen is converted back to glucose due to glucagon, the glucose from the glycogen then goes where

Answer 22

back into the blood stream so blood glucose levels return to normal

Question 23

the blood glucose concentration with people without diabetes is kept constant, how

Answer 23

as the blood glucose concentration is controlled by a balance between insulin and glucagon