Lesson 8: Abdominal & Deep Back Muscles

Question 1

Origin & Insertion

quadratus lumborum

p. 207

Answer 1

origin: posterior iliac crest
insertion: last rib and transverse processes of L1-L4

Question 2

Actions

quadratus lumborum

p. 207

Answer 2

unilaterally: laterally tilt pelvis, laterally flex spine to same side
bilaterally: fix last rib during forced inhalation/exhalation, extend vertebral column (assist)

Question 3

Origin & Insertion

rectus abdominis

p. 210

Answer 3

origin: pubic crest, pubic symphysis
insertion: cartilage ribs 5-7, xyphoid process

Question 4

Actions

rectus abdominis

p. 210

Answer 4

flex spine
tilt pelvis posteriorly

Question 5

Origin & Insertion

external obliques

p. 210

Answer 5

origin: external surfaces ribs 5-12
insertion: anterior aspect of iliac crest, rectus sheath to linea alba

Question 6

Actions

external obliques

p. 210

Answer 6

unilaterally: laterally flex spine to same side, rotate spine to same side
bilaterally: flex spine, compress abdominal contents

Question 7

Origin & Insertion

internal obliques

p. 211

Answer 7

origin: latearl inguinal ligament, iliac, crest, thoracolumbar fascia
insertion: internal surface of ribs 10-12, rectus sheath of linea alba

Question 8

Actions

internal obliques

p. 211

Answer 8

unilaterally: laterally flex spine to same side, rotate spine to same side
bilaterally: flex spine, compress abdominal contents

Question 9

Origin & Insertion

transverse abdominis

p. 211

Answer 9

origin: lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, internal surface of ribs 7-12
insertion: rectus sheath to linea alba

Question 10

Actions

transverse abdominis

p. 211

Answer 10

compress abdominal contents

Question 11

Origin & Insertion

semispinalis

p. 201

Answer 11

origin: transverse processes C4-T5
insertion: occiput

Question 12

Actions

semispinalis

p. 201

Answer 12

extend spine/head

Question 13

Origin & Insertion

multifidus

p. 200

Answer 13

origin: sacrum and transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
insertion: spinous processes of lumbar vertebra through C2

spans 2-4 vertebrae

Question 14

Actions

multifidus

p. 200

Answer 14

unilaterally: rotate spine to opposite side
bilaterally: extend spine

Question 15

Origin & Insertion

rotatores

p. 200

Answer 15

origin: transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
insertion: spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through C2

span 1-2 vertebrae

Question 16

Actions

rotatores

p. 200

Answer 16

unilaterally: rotate spine to opposite side
bilaterally: extend spine

Question 17

Origin & Insertion

spinalis

p. 197

Answer 17

thoracis:
origin: spinous processes of upper lumbar and lower thoracic
insertion: spinous process of upper thoracic

cervicis:
origin: ligamentum nuchae, C7
insertion: spinous process of C2-C7

Question 18

Actions

spinalis

p. 10=97

Answer 18

unilaterally: laterally flex spine to same side
bilaterally: extend spine

Question 19

Origin & Insertion

longissimus

p. 198

Answer 19

thoracis:
origin: common tendon
insertion: lower 9 ribs and transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae

cervicis:
origin: transverse processes of T1-T5
insertion: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

Question 20

Actions

longissimus

p. 198

Answer 20

unilaterally: laterally flex spine to same side
bilaterally: extend spine

Question 21

Origin & Insertion

iliocostalis

p. 198

Answer 21

lumborum:
origin: common tendon
insertion: transverse processes of L1-L3 and posterior surface of ribs 6-12

thoracis:
origin: posterior surface of ribs 1-12
insertion: posterior surface of ribs 1-6

cervicis:
origin: posterior surface of ribs 1-12
insertion: transverse processes of lower cervicals (C5-C7)

Question 22

Actions

iliocostalis

p. 198

Answer 22

unilaterally: laterally flex spine to same side
bilaterally: extend spine