Lesson 8 Flashcards
What type of connective tissue is found mainly in developing embryos and disappears as differentiation occurs?
Mesenchymal connective tissue
What is the shape of mesenchymal cells?
Stellate (with cytoplasmic processes) or fusiform.
Does the matrix of mesenchymal connective tissue have many connective tissue fibers?
No, it has very few connective tissue fibers.
Where is mucoid connective tissue found?
- Wharton’s jelly in the umbilical cord,
- combs and wattles of gallinaceous birds,
- and the core of the papilla of the reticulum and omasum.
What types of cells compose mucoid connective tissue?
Fibroblasts and a few mesenchymal cells.
What does the matrix of mucoid connective tissue contain?
Mucin and delicate collagenous fibers.
What is another name for areolar connective tissue?
Loose ordinary connective tissue.
Which cells are absent in areolar connective tissue?
Reticular cells
What types of fibers are present in the matrix of areolar connective tissue?
Collagenous, reticular, and elastic fibers.
What is a notable feature of areolar connective tissue?
The presence of defensive cells such as lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages.
Where is areolar connective tissue found?
a. Subepithelial connective tissue.
b. Mesenteries.
c. Between muscles and nerves & around blood vessels.
d. Between layers of smooth musculature in hollow organs.
What are the two main types of dense connective tissue?
- Irregular Dense White Fibrous Connective Tissue (DWFCT)
- Regular Dense Connective Tissue
What type of fibers are found in DWFCT?
Irregular Dense White Fibrous Connective Tissue (DWFCT)
Collagenous fibers with some reticular and elastic fibers.
How does DWFCT differ from loose connective tissue in morphology?
It has fewer cells and more fibers than loose connective tissue.
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Where is DWFCT found?
Irregular Dense White Fibrous Connective Tissue (DWFCT)
a. Subepidermal connective tissue.
b. Capsules of organs (e.g., lung, liver, kidney).
c. Aponeuroses and muscle fasciae.
d. Joint capsules.
e. Pericardium.
What type of connective tissue has very few cells, mostly fibrocytes, and collagenous fibers in an orderly parallel orientation?
Collagenous connective tissue.
How do fibrocytes and fibers appear in collagenous connective tissue?
They appear wavy.
What color does collagen stain with H & E?
(Regular Dense Connective Tissue)
Collagenous Connective Tissue
Light pink.
Where is collagenous connective tissue found?
In tendons and ligaments.
What type of connective tissue has a predominance of elastic fibers in a parallel and branched array?
Elastic connective tissue.
What cell type is predominant in elastic connective tissue?
Fibroblasts.
Where is elastic connective tissue found?
a. Nuchal ligament.
b. Mural elements of arteries.
c. Elastic fasciae of abdominal musculature of herbivores.
What organs or tissues are associated with reticular connective tissue?
- Fibrous stroma of lymphatic and hemopoietic organs (spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes).
- Architectural framework of some organs/tissues (liver, adipose tissue, smooth muscle, islets of Langerhans).
What type of connective tissue contains pigment-containing cells?
Pigmented connective tissue.
What type of connective tissue consists of a fine reticulum of fibers (type III collagen) and cells?
Reticular connective tissue
What is a specialized variant of loose or areolar connective tissue composed of fat cells or adipocytes?
Adipose tissue
Where is pigmented connective tissue found?
In the iris and choroid of the eye and in connective tissue associated with pigmented skin.
What is the appearance of fat cells in white adipose tissue?
Signet-ring appearance, with a single large fat droplet and a thin margin of cytoplasm.
What are the two types of adipose tissue?
White adipose tissue (white fat, unilocular fat, ordinary adipose tissue) and brown adipose tissue (multilocular adipose tissue).
What are the functions of fat cells and white adipose tissue?
Storage of fuel (fat) for the body.
Insulating material.
Fills crevices and cushions body parts.
What characterizes the fat cells in brown adipose tissue?
They are multilocular, with numerous small fat droplets within the cytoplasm and a round nucleus.
What gives brown adipose tissue its brown color?
Numerous mitochondria.
Where is brown adipose tissue found?
- Axilla.
- Interscapular region.
- Mediastinum.
- Mesenteries.
- Perirenal area of rodents, hibernating animals, and domestic animals.
What is the function of brown adipose tissue?
To heat blood passing through and maintain body temperature during hibernation.
What process brings about the regeneration and repair of connective and adipose tissue?
Mitosis of fibroblasts and mesenchymal cells.
How does fibrous connective tissue repair other damaged tissues?
By scar formation or fibrosis.
What is a potential drawback of fibrous connective tissue repair?
It may reduce or obliterate the normal function of the repaired tissue.
