Lesson 8

Question 1

What is energy?

Answer 1

the capacity to do work

Question 2

what is work?

Answer 2

act of creating chemical reaction

Question 3

Two main form of energy

Answer 3

Kinetic energy
Potential energy

Question 4

found by the random movement

Answer 4

Kinetic energy

Question 5

Energy stored by an object

Answer 5

Potential energy

Question 6

The science of how energy flows, its transformations, relationships and exchanges

Answer 6

Thermodynamics

Question 7

Thermodynamics focuses on two components:

Answer 7

• the system
• the surrounding

Question 8

being observed and studied

Answer 8

System

Question 9

Everything else aside from the system

Answer 9

Surrounding

Question 10

3 kinds of System

Answer 10

• Open
• Closed
• Isolated

Question 11

Matter and
energy transfer is
allowed

Answer 11

Open

Question 12

Only energy transfer is allowed

Answer 12

Closed

Question 13

No transfer is allowed

Answer 13

Isolated

Question 14

LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS
( Only 2 out of the 4 laws apply to energy transformation of cells )

Answer 14

• Law of Conservation of Energy
• Entropy

Question 15

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only converted from one form to another

Answer 15

Law of conservation of energy

Question 16

ALWAYS increases over time; disorderliness within a system, measure of energy lost during its transformation.

Answer 16

Entropy (S)

Question 17

Not all _____ (Total [heat] energy), can be used by the system for work.

Answer 17

Enthalpy (H)

Question 18

Usable energy for work is called

Answer 18

Free Energy (G)

Question 19

the conversion of energy from one form to another is NOT

Answer 19

1:1

Question 20

As the reaction continues, ________ _________ thus more energy is lost.

Answer 20

Entropy increases

Question 21

How the body uses macromolecules to either create energy or create other molecules/macromolecules

Answer 21

Metabolism

Question 22

METABOLISM
Comes in two forms

Answer 22

• Catabolism
• Anabolism

Question 23

Breakdown of complex molecules to simpler molecules ( Destructive Metabolism; Exergonic )

Answer 23

Catabolism

Question 24

Building of simpler molecules to complex molecules ( Constructive Metabolism; Endergonic )

Answer 24

Anabolism

Question 25

reactants GAIN energy

Answer 25

Endergonic

Question 26

reactants RELEASE energy

Answer 26

Exergonic

Question 27

use of energy generated by an exergonic reaction to fuel an endergonic reaction

Answer 27

Coupled Reaction

Question 28

In coupled reaction The process is called

Answer 28

energy coupling

Question 29

due to the 2nd law of thermodynamics

Energy created due to
must be greater than
Energy needed by

Answer 29

Exergonic rnx
Endergonic rnx

Question 30

what is ATP

Answer 30

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 31

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 31

• Primary energy carrier of the body
• Nucleoside Adenosine (Adenine + Ribose) + 3 phosphate groups (3P) attached to ribose

Question 32

The 3P are __________ _______ thus rich in potential energy

Answer 32

negatively charged

Question 33

Overcrowding of negative charge make the bonds of 3P unstable and can easily be broken by

Answer 33

Hydrolysis