Lesson 7: Creating and Configuring Virtual Machine Settings

Question 1

Hypervisor

Answer 1

Responsible for abstracting the computer’s physical hardware and creating multiple virtualized hardware environments, called VMs

Question 2

VMM

Answer 2

Virtual Machine Monitor. The hypervisor.

Question 3

Type II Virtualization

Answer 3

Hypervisor runs on top of a host operating system. Resources are shared between the Hypervisor and the host OS.

Question 4

Older MS virtualization products that were Type II

Answer 4

MS Windows Virtual PC

Microsoft Virtual Server

Question 5

Type I Virtualization

Answer 5

Hypervisor is an abstraction layer that interacts directly with the computer’s physical hardware. The Hypervisor has complete control over all resources.

Question 6

How does 2012 implement Type I Virtualization?

Answer 6

Server 2012 is the parent partition. Subsequent VMs are child partitions of the hardware. Hyper-V, when installed, is what 2012 is actually running on.

Question 7

Hyper-V Hardware Limitations

Answer 7

320 logical processors, max
2048 virtual CPUs max
4TB memory, max

Question 8

Max number of active VMs on hyper-v

Answer 8

1024

Question 9

Hyper-V Server

Answer 9

A stand-alone version of Hyper-V. Does not run on top of Server 2012. Free.

Question 10

What files make up a hyper-v VM?

Answer 10

A VMC file

One or more VHD / VHDX file

Question 11

VMC file

Answer 11

Virtual machine configuration – XML file that contains the VM config information

Question 12

VHD / VHDX file

Answer 12

Store the guest operating system, applications, and data for VM

Question 13

Guest Integration Services

Answer 13

Software package installed on a VM that enables better integration with host.

Question 14

Functions provided by guest integration services

Answer 14

Operating system shutdown from Hyper-V
Time sync with Hyper-V
Data Exchange between guest an host (child and parent partitions)
Heartbeat exchange from parent to child and back to confirm VMs are responsive
Backup using Volume Shadow Copy Services

Question 15

Which windows OSes need guest integration services

Answer 15

Any OS that isn’t Server 2012 or Win 8. Linux has its own as well.

Question 16

Dynamic Memory

Answer 16

Enables hyper-v to adjust the amount of RAM allocated to VMs depending on their requirements. If a VM requires more RAM, it pulls more from a pool, reducing when the need subsides

Question 17

Dynamic Memory: Startup RAM

Answer 17

Amount of memory allocated to the VM when it starts. Min amt of mem required to boot.

Question 18

Dynamic Memory: Minimum RAM

Answer 18

The smallest amt of memory the VM can use at any time. OSes require more to start than to run, so this value can be smaller than Startup RAM value.

Question 19

Dynamic Memory: Maximum RAM

Answer 19

Largest amt of mem. the VM can use at any time.

Question 20

Dynamic Memory: Memory Buffer

Answer 20

Percentage extra to provide a VM when using a given RAM qty. Example: 20% memory buffer means a VM gets 1.2GB when the VM requires 1GB.

Question 21

Dynamic Memory: Memory Weight

Answer 21

The priority of a VM as compared to other VMs. Used if physical RAM is insufficient for all VM RAM requirements.

Question 22

Smart Paging

Answer 22

If a VM must reboot and not enough RAM is available to meet dynamic memory startup RAM requirements, host uses hard disk space to make up the differences and pages memory contents to disk

Question 23

What can you track with VM resource metering

Answer 23

CPU Utilization
Min/max/avg memory utilization
Disk space utilization
Incoming/Outgoing network traffic

Question 24

How do you enable resource metering?

Answer 24

On the specific VM you wish to monitor:

Enable-VMResourceMetering -VMName VMName