Lesson 7 (Chapter 4: Testing and Treatment of the Urinary System)

Question 1

Cystoscopy

Answer 1

A procedure used to diagnose and treat conditions that affect the urethra and urinary bladder. Cystoscopy is done with a cystoscope, an optical instrument with an additional port for the insertion of instruments. Water or saline is infused through the cystoscope into the bladder. The bladder wall is stretched as the fluid fills the bladder so the urologist can see clearly. The cystoscope can be used for biopsies, and the removal of stones, polyps, and some tumors.

Question 2

Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP)

Answer 2

An x-ray image using intravenous contrast medium to better visualize the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. An IVP is used to diagnose lithographs, infections, enlarged prostate, tumors, and internal injuries after an abdominal trauma.

Question 3

KUB (Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder)

Answer 3

An x-ray image without the use of contrast medium, used to detect bowel obstructions and nephroliths.

Question 4

Kidney transpant

Answer 4

The most common type of organ transplant. It is considered the treatment of choice for people with end-stage renal disease because the resulting quality of life and life expectancy are often better than those of people who are treated with dialysis.

Question 5

Diuretics

Answer 5

Medications that increase urine secretion

Question 6

Antibiotics

Answer 6

Used to treat urinary tract infections

Question 7

Antispasmodics

Answer 7

Used to block the signals that cause urinary incontinence

Question 8

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy

Answer 8

Use of ultrasonic waves to break up kidney stones
[Lith/o (stone) + -tripsy (to crush)]

Question 9

Lithotomy

Answer 9

Surgical incision to remove a nephrolith from the bladder
[Lith/o (stone) + -otomy (surgical incision)]