Lesson 1 (Chapter 3) Flashcards
Body planes
Imaginary lines used to divide the body into sections
Body directions
Terms used to describe the locations of a body part
Body cavities
Spaces within the body that contain organs
Structural units
The parts of the body that work together to enable the body to function properly.
Body planes: Vertical
Sagittal, Midsagittal (Midline), Frontal (Coronal)
Body planes: Horizontal
Transverse
Ventral
Toward the front (stomach side) of the body
Dorsal
Toward the back side of the body
Anterior
Toward the front
Posterior
Toward the back
Superior
Above or toward the head
Inferior
Below or toward the feet
Cephalic
Toward the head
Caudal
Toward the tail or lower part of the body
Proximal
Near the midline or a body structure
Medial
Central or close to the middle
Lateral
To the side of the body or away from the midline
Proximal
Closer to the trunk or point of attachment
Distal
Away from the trunk
Dorsal cavity
Located along the back of the body and head. Made of the cranial and spinal cavitied. (Dors/o = Back, -al = Pertaining to)
Cranial cavity
Located within the skull (Crani/o = Skull, -al = Pertaining to)
Spinal cavity
Located within the spinal column (Spin/o = Spine or backbone, -al = Pertaining to)
Ventral cavity
Located along the front of the body. Made of the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavitied. (Ventr/o = Front, -al = Pertaining to)
Thoracic cavity
Known as the chest cavity, is superior to the diaphragm, containing the heart and lungs. (Thorac/o = chest, -ic = Pertaining to)
Abdominal cavity
Inferior to the diaphragm, contains major digestive organs. (Abdomin/o = Abdomen, -al = Pertaining to)
Pelvic cavity
Surrounded by the hip bones, containing the excretory and reproductive organs. (Pelv/o = Pelvis, -ic = Pertaining to)
Aden/o
Gland
Adip/o
Fat
Anter/o
Before, front
Caud/o
Lower part of body, tail
Cephl/o
Head
End- , Endo-
In, within, inside
Exo-
Out of, outside, away from
Hist/o
Tissue
-ologist
Specialist
-ology
The science or study of
Patho/o , -pathy
Disease, suffering, feeling, emotion
Plas/i , pas/o , -plasia
Development, growth, formation
Poster/o
Behind, toward the back
-stasis, -static
Control, maintenance of a constant level
