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PSYCH104 PSYCHOLOGICAL STATISTICS > LESSON 6: STATISTICAL TOOLS > Flashcards

LESSON 6: STATISTICAL TOOLS Flashcards

1
Q

To know if the research instruments we use are precisely measuring the variables, we investigate

A

Exploring Instrument Reliability

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2
Q

Measure the internal consistency of the questionnaire.

A

Cronbach alpha and McDonald’s Omega

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3
Q

Accepted measurement of reliability

A

0.70 - 0.80

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4
Q

STATISTICAL TOOL TO EXPLORE ASSUMPTIONS

  • Check the distribution of data, p>0.05 - normal data, p<0.05 - non-normal data
  • Continuous Data
A

Shapiro Wilk Test
Kolmogorov Smirnov Test

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5
Q

STATISTICAL TOOL TO EXPLORE ASSUMPTIONS

  • Assume that variances of the population from which different samples are drawn are equal, p>0.05 - equal variances, p<0.05 - do not assume equal variances.
  • Continuous Data
A

Levene’s Test

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6
Q

STATISTICAL TOOL USED TO EXPLORE RELATIONSHIP

  • Tests for the strength of the association between two continuous variables.
  • Two Continuous Data
  • Normal Data
A

Pearson Correlation

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7
Q

STATISTICAL TOOL USED TO EXPLORE RELATIONSHIP

  • Allows to control for possible effects of another confounding variable (e.g. socially desirable responding).
  • Two Continuous Data
  • Normal Data
A

Partial Correlation

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8
Q

STATISTICAL TOOL USED TO EXPLORE RELATIONSHIP

  • Tests for the strength of the association between two ordinal variables.
  • Ordinal Variable and One Continuous Data
  • Non-Normal Data
A

Spearman Correlation

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9
Q

STATISTICAL TOOL USED TO EXPLORE RELATIONSHIP

  • Two Continuous Data
  • One Nominal Data
  • Normal Data
  • Independence from errors
A

Multiple Regression

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10
Q

STATISTICAL TOOL USED TO EXPLORE RELATIONSHIP

Test the predictive validity of one (1) independent variable on one continuous measure (dv).
One Continuous Data or Nominal Data
Do not assume normality

A

Ordinary Least Square
Or
Simple Regression

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11
Q

STATISTICAL TOOL USED TO EXPLORE RELATIONSHIP

  • Allows to condense a large set of variables or scale items down to smaller, more manageable number of dimensions.
  • Continuous Data
  • Normal Data
A

Factor Analysis

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12
Q

STATISTICAL TOOL USED TO EXPLORE RELATIONSHIP

  • Tests for the strength of the association between two categorical variables.
  • Categorical Data
  • Large Sample Size
  • Non-normal Data
A

Chi Square Test for Relatedness/Independence

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13
Q

STATISTICAL TEST USED TO EXPLORE DIFFERENCES

  • Tests the difference between two sets of observations (before and after)
  • Two Continuous data
  • Normal data
A

T-test for paired sample known as repeated measure

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14
Q

STATISTICAL TEST USED TO EXPLORE DIFFERENCES

  • Test the difference between the means of two unrelated independent groups
  • Two Continuous data
  • Categorical and continuous data
  • Normal data
A

T-test for independent sample

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15
Q

STATISTICAL TEST USED TO EXPLORE DIFFERENCES

  • Test the difference between a sample mean
  • Ordinal variable and continuous
  • Two ordinal data
  • Nominal and ordinal variable
  • Normal data
A

T-test for one sample

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16
Q

STATISTICAL TEST USED TO EXPLORE DIFFERENCES

  • Test the differences among two or more groups and you wish to compare their mean scores on continuous variable
  • Categorical and continuous data
A

One way analysis of variance

17
Q

STATISTICAL TEST USED TO EXPLORE DIFFERENCES

  • Test the differences among two independent variables. Good for testing interaction effects and main effects
  • Two categorical data and one continuous data
A

Two way analysis of variance

18
Q

STATISTICAL TEST USED TO EXPLORE DIFFERENCES

  • Test for comparing group with groups of number of different but related variables
  • Categorical and continuous data
A

Multivariate analysis of variance

19
Q

TEST USED FOR NON-NORMALLY DISTRIBUTED DATA

  • Test differences on a dichotomous dependent variable between two related groups (before and after)
  • Nominal data and Dichotomous data
A

McNemar Test

20
Q

TEST USED FOR NON-NORMALLY DISTRIBUTED DATA

  • Alternative to Independent Sample T-Test
  • Categorical and Continuous data
A

Wilcoxon rank-sum test

21
Q

TEST USED FOR NON-NORMALLY DISTRIBUTED DATA

  • Alternative to Independent Sample T-Test
  • Ordinal data
  • Categorical and Continuous data
A

Mann Whitney U-test

22
Q

TEST USED FOR NON-NORMALLY DISTRIBUTED DATA

  • Alternative to paired sample t-test
  • Categorical and Continuous data
A

Wilcoxon sign-rank test

23
Q

TEST USED FOR NON-NORMALLY DISTRIBUTED DATA

  • Alternative to ANOVA
  • Categorical and Continuous data
A

Kruskal-Wallis Test and Friedman Test

PSYCH104 PSYCHOLOGICAL STATISTICS (6 decks)

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