LESSON 6 (Scheduling and Just-in-time Manufacturing Systems)

Question 1

can be defined as “ prescribing of when and where each operation necessary to manufacture the product is to be performed”.

Answer 1

SCHEDULING

Question 2

Scheduling tends to achieve maximum efficiency when the task sizes are small, and all tasks of same order of magnitude.

Answer 2

The principle of optimum task size

Question 2

also defined as “establishing of times at which to begin and complete each event or operation compromising a procedure”.

Answer 2

SCHEDULING

Question 3

The planning should be such that it imposes an equal load on all plants.

Answer 3

Principle of optimum production plan

Question 3

Scheduling tends to achieve the maximum efficiency when the work is planned so that work hours are normally used in the same sequence.

Answer 3

Principle of optimum sequence

Question 4

for specific jobs that are arrived from customers is impracticable in actual manufacturing situation. Changes in orders, equipment breakdown, and unforeseen events
deviate the plans.

Answer 4

1. Detailed Scheduling

Question 4

vary widely among firms and range from ‘no scheduling’ to very sophisticated approaches. These strategies are grouped into four classes

Answer 4

Scheduling strategies

Question 5

are scheduling guides that are used
independently and in conjunction with one of the above strategies, i.e., first come first serve. These are useful in reducing Work-In-Process (WIP) inventory.

Answer 5

Priority decision rules

Question 5

of total work load is useful
especially for long range planning of capacity needs. This may load the current period excessively and under load future periods. It has
some means to control the jobs.

Answer 5

2. Cumulative scheduling:

Question 6

combination is both feasible and practical approach. If master schedule has fixed and flexible portions.

Answer 6

3. Cumulative detailed

Question 7

Scheduling Strategies

Answer 7

1. Detailed Scheduling
2. Cumulative scheduling:
3. Cumulative detailed
4. Priority decision rules

Question 7

is to utilize the companys resources to maintain a consistent production flow. By doing so, downtime is reduced, and bottlenecks are mitigated to optimize production

Answer 7

1. Planning

Question 8

is done with the assumption that process steps will change. As a result, materials must be ready but actual production must wait until demand is determined

Answer 8

Dynamic Planning

Question 9

is done with the assumption that all process steps will be completed on time and with no changes

Answer 9

Static Planning

Question 10

In discreet manufacturing where final products are made from a lengthy and complex series of sub-processes, a bill of materials may be used to dictate what items are required and in what quantity.

Answer 10

2. Routing

Question 11

utilizes the established planning level to produce goods from components or raw materials. It is time based and must satisfy the demand established at the planning level.

Answer 11

3. Scheduling

Question 11

is the process of assigning the order of jobs to be done next from a sub-set of jobs in the production queue.

Answer 11

4. Dispatching

Question 12

requires informed management decisions, trained staff, accurate data as inputs into the
production plan and schedule and reliable sales figures and forecast numbers. All must be present for the organization to execute its production schedule and complete orders.

Answer 12

5. Execution

Question 13

Five Components of
Production Scheduling

Answer 13

1. Planning
2. Routing
3. Scheduling
4. Dispatching
5. Execution

Question 14

Types of Scheduling
Can be categorized as:

Answer 14

• Forward Scheduling
• Backward Scheduling

Question 15

• is commonly used in job shops where customers place their orders on “needed as soon as possible” basis.
• determines start and finish times of next priority job by assigning it the earliest available time slot and from that time, determines when the job will be finished in that work centre.

Answer 15

1. Forward scheduling

Question 16

• is often used in assembly type industries and commit in advance to specific delivery dates.
• determines the start and finish times for waiting jobs by assigning them to the latest available time slot that will enable each job to be completed just when it is due, but done before.

Answer 16

2. Backward scheduling

Question 17

is a production and inventory control system in which materials are purchased and units are produced only as needed to meet actual customer demand.

Answer 17

Just-in-Time

Question 18

helps organizations control variability in their processes, allowing them to increase productivity while lowering costs.

Answer 18

JIT manufacturing

Question 19

is a workflow methodology aimed at reducing flow times within production systems, as well as response times from suppliers and to customers.

Answer 19

Just in time (JIT) manufacturing