Lesson 6 - Motivating Workers

Question 1

Define Motivation

Answer 1

Motivation is the reason why employees want to work hard and work effectively for the business.

Question 2

List 5 reasons why People work

Answer 2

1. Money- Pay for basic necessities and some luxuries
2. Security- You are likely not to lose your job
3. Social Needs - feeling part of a group
4. Esteem Needs -feeling important and your job is important
5. Job Satisfaction - enjoyment driven from the feeling that you have done a

Question 3

F.W Taylor Theory main points

Answer 3

• Money is the main motivator
• If employees are paid more they will work more
• Work is broken down into simpler processes and more money is paid which will increase the level productivity an employee will achieve.
• The extra pay is less than the increased productivity

Question 4

F.W Taylor 3 disadvantages

Answer 4

1. Workers are rather seen like machines, and this theory doesnt take non financial motivators into account.
2. Even if you pay more, there is no guarantee of productivity rise.
3. It is difficult to measure employees output.

Question 5

Maslow Hierarchy of needs

Answer 5

• Physiological needs - Food, Rest, recreation, shelter
• Safety/Security - Physically safe, Job security
• Social needs - friendship, a sense of belonging to a team
• Esteem needs - the need of having status recognition and Independence
• Self- actualization - the need to reach your full potential and be promoted

Question 6

3 Cons of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs

Answer 6

1. Some levels are not present in some jobs
2. Some rewards belong to more than one level on other
3. Managers need to identify the levels of motivation before using it to motivate employees

Question 7

Herzberg Motivational theory

Answer 7

To herzberg humans have hygiene factors or basic animal needs of humans.

Question 8

Herzberg’s motivational needs

Answer 8

Personal Growth
Achievement
Recognition
Advancement
Work Itself
If hygiene factors are not satisified they will act as demotivators. Only After hygiene factors are satisfied then the following can act as motivators.

Question 9

List 3 Methods of Motivation

Answer 9

1. Financial Rewards
2. Non-Financial rewards
3. Job satisfaction

Question 10

Define Wage, Its Advantages and Disadvantages

Answer 10

A Wage is a payment for work usually paid weekly
Its advantages
Advs
-Workers dont have to wait long time to get paid.
-Workers can get paid if they work overtime
Its disadvantages
Disadvs
-Wage clerk needs to be hired
-Takes time and money due to being calculated weekly

Question 11

List 2 Time rate advantages and disadvantages

Answer 11

Advantages

• Makes it easier to calculate wage
• Workers know exactly what they will be paid

Disadvantages

• A clocking in system is needed to determine the number of hours.
• Good and bad workers get paid the same

Question 12

List 2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Piece rate.

Answer 12

Advantages

-Encourages workers to work faster to produce more goods
Disadvantages

• Workers may ignore quality
• Workers who are careful wont earn as much as those who rush.

Question 13

Define a Salary, Its Advantage and Disadvantage

Answer 13

A salary is payment for work usually paid monthly.
Advs
-Calculated once a Month Only
Disadvantage

-Extra work is usually not paid for

Question 14

Define Bonus

Answer 14

A Bonus is an additional amount of payment above basic pay as a reward for good work.

Question 15

Define Commission, Its advantages and disadvantages.

Answer 15

Commission is payment relating to the number of sales made.

Advantage

1. Sales Increase
   Disadvantage
2. Stressful for salesmen.

Question 16

Define Performance related pay

Answer 16

Performance related pay is pay related to the effectiveness of an employee where the output can be measured easily.

Question 17

Define Appraisal

Answer 17

An appraisal is a method of assessing the effectiveness of an employee.

Question 18

Define Fringe Benefits

Answer 18

Fringe Benefits are non-financial rewards given to employees.

Question 19

List 5 Fringe Benefits

Answer 19

1. Free accommodation
2. Discount on company’s products
3. Free education for children
4. Airline tickets
5. Health care paid for

Question 20

Define Job satisfaction

Answer 20

Job satisfaction is the enjoyment driven from the feeling that you have done a good job

Question 21

Define Job Rotation

Answer 21

Job Rotation involves workers swaping round and doing each specific task for only a limited time and changing round again

Question 22

Define Job enrichment

Answer 22

Job enrichment involves looking at jobs and adding tasks which require more skill or responsibility.

Question 23

Define Job enlargement

Answer 23

Job enlargement is where tasks of similar level of work or responsibility are added to a workers job description.