Lesson 5: Psychological Perspective of the Self Part 2 Flashcards
Harter’s Self-Development
- Early childhood
- middle to later childhood
- adolescence
- emerging adults
the child describes himself in terms of concrete, observable characteristics, material possessions, behaviors, and preferences.
early childhood
the self is described with the use of trait like constructs (e.g., kind, smart, honest)
middle to later childhood
emergence of a more abstract self- definitions such as inner thoughts, emotions, attitudes and motives
adolescence
characterized by having a vision of a “possible self”
emerging adults
Father of American psychology
william james
subjective self that is aware of its own actions.
I Self
▪A sense of being the agent or initiator of behavior.
▪A sense of being unique.
▪A sense of continuity
▪A sense of awareness
I Self
objective or the self you can describe/ perspectives from others.
Me Self
▪ Material: physical appearance
▪ Social : social skills
▪ Spiritual: personality, character, defining values
Me Self
emphasized the active role of the individual in shaping their internal and their external worlds.
Humanism
he believed that the person is an active being who lives in the PRESENT.
Carl Rogers
who or what you want to be
Ideal Self
who you actually are
real self
the alignment of the real self and the ideal self; be more aware of the healthy ideals
congruence
happens when there is inconsistency between the real self and the ideal self
incongruence
Carl Rogers: Person-Centered Theory
- Ideal Self
- Real Self
- Congruence
- Incongruence
What are Gordon Allport Personality Traits
- Functional Autonomy
- Traits
human motives are functionally independent from the original motives responsible for the behavior
Functional Autonomy
are enduring characteristics that manifest itself almost all of the time
Traits
What are Eric Berne’s Ego States
- Parent Ego State
- Adult Ego State
- Child Ego State
the voice of authority
parent ego state
the rational systems
adult ego state
can be spontaneous but can also be impulsive
child ego state
What are the 3 structures of personality according to freud
- Id
- Ego
- Superego
pleasure principle, childlike and cannot delay gratification
Id
reality principle, controls the id and can delay pleasure
Ego
morality principle; conscience ; moral judgement of conduct
Superego
Represents an unconscious mediation by the ego of id impulses which conflict with the wishes and needs of the ego and/or superego. By altering and distorting one’s awareness of the original impulse, one makes it more tolerable.
defense mechanism
means finding reasonable explanations for unreasonable or unacceptable behavior to make them sound logical and acceptable.
rationalization
the unconscious blocking of unacceptable thoughts, feelings, and impulses. Especially painful thoughts, feelings, memories, or impulses.
repression
is done when a person refuses to accept the reality or fact, acting as if thought or feeling did not exist .
denial
means attributing one’s own undesired thoughts, feelings, or impulses to another person who does not have those thoughts, feelings, or impulses.
projection
is the channeling of unacceptable impulses, thoughts, and emotions into more acceptable ones.
sublimation
is the channeling of energy away from one person or object to an alternative.
displacement
refers to a denial and reversal of one’s feelings
reaction formation
A product of early experiences: a defensive organization formed because of inadequate parenting
False Self
The self that is obedient to parents’ wishes and demands
False Self
still connected to the true self.
healthy false self
makes one continually adjust his behavior to fit in.
unhealthy false self
Emerges if the mother is responsive to the needs of the child
true self
Creative, spontaneous and real
true self
who created the false and true self
Donald Winnicott
