Lesson 5- Explanations of attachments- Learning theories Flashcards
What is the learning/behavioural theory & what does it state?
Learning theory (behavioural theory)- proposes all 🏃♂ is learned via experiences ✖️ inborn/innate
- Behaviourists believe all 🏃♂(including attachment) learned through classical or operant conditioning
What is the cupboard love theory?
Cupboard Love Theory- learning theory called this because implies that attachment only occurs because caregiver provides 🍎/🥛 … suggests attachment superficial (like how 🐈 🐱 superficially loves cupboard due to food 🍎 it holds)
What is classical conditioning?
Learning through association
Who investigated classical conditioning and how did they do so?
Pavlov with his experiment on dogs salivating at the sound of a bell
State Pavlov’s association process
BEFORE CC- Food🍎 (UCS) = Salivation = (UCR)
BEFORE CC- 🔔 = NS = no response
DURING CC- 🍎 (UCS) + 🔔 (NS) = Salivation (UCR)
AFTER CC- 🔔 (CS) = Salivation (CR)
State the meaning of UCS, UCR, NS, CS & CR
UCS = Unconditioned stimulus UCR = Unconditioned response NS = Neutral stimulus CS = Conditioned stimulus CR = Conditioned response
How do the same principles of associating the sound of the bell to salivation lead to associating the mother with a sense of relief or pleasure?
BEFORE CC- Milk🥛 (UCS) = Relief/Pleasure = (UCR)
BEFORE CC- Mother 🤰 = NS = no response
DURING CC-🥛 (UCS) + 🤰 (NS) = Relief/Pleasure (UCR)
AFTER CC-🤰 (CS) = Relief/Pleasure (CR)
Therefore what does the argument of classical conditioning as an explanation of attachment imply?
- The response of relief/pleasure to 🥛 is automatic & ✖️ need to be learnt
- … reason why 👶 becomes attached to caregiver is because associates caregiver with pleasure (🍎/🥛 satisfying hunger)
What is operant conditioning?
Learning through rewards (reinforcement ➕ or ➖) & punishment
What is the primary reinforcer in terms of attachment?
Primary ➕ reinforcement- natural reward e.g. 🍎 & 💧 satisfying hunger & thirst)
What is the secondary reinforcer in terms of attachment?
Secondary ➕ reinforcement- e.g. 💵/stickers- encourages/allows you to fulfil primary reinforcement needs
- mother 🤰
What is positive reinforcement?
➕ reinforcement- gaining pleasure
What is negative reinforcement?
➖ reinforcement- the removal of discomfort/displeasure
How does the repetition of behaviour differ from whether behaviour leads to reward or punishment?
Behaviours-> reward- repeated
Behaviours-> punishment- ⬇️ likely to be repeated
Therefore what does the argument of operant conditioning as an explanation of attachment imply?
- … 🥛/🍎 = primary reinforcer- provides ➕ reinforcement (pleasure) & ➖ reinforcement (takes away hunger)
- Person who supplies 🥛/🍎 associated with pleasure & removal of discomfort … becomes secondary reinforcer & source of reward in his/her own right
- … attachment occurs because 👶 seeks person who can supply reward-> mother/caregiver = secondary reinforcement figure- help 👶 receive primary reinforcement (🥛)
