Lesson 5+6 - Psychology of Social Situations Flashcards
Elaboration Likelihood Model
A dual process theory describing the change of attitudes. Efforts to persuade generally take 2 forms… Central route persuasion and Peripheral Route persuasion
Central Route Persuasion
Occurs when people are presented with and focus on the core evidence/arguments in a message. It is a more thoughtful, durable and less superficial degree of persuasion. (fact and detail oriented)
Peripheral Route Persuasion
Occurs when people are presented with and persuaded by other parts of the message, which brings out emotional-based judgments. (Emotional driven)
Obedience
Another form of social influence in which an individual follows a direct order. People are more likely to comply with the orders given if they come from someone perceived to have legitimate authority
Foot in the Door Compliance
A small request is then followed by a larger request. To get people to agree to something big, start small and build up…
Door in in the Face Compliance
An unrealistically large request is followed by a smaller request. After people refuse a large request, they will look more favourably upon a follow up that seems in comparison, more reasonable.
Social Reciprocity Norm
People have the tendancy to feel obligated to reciprocate kind behaviour.
Conformity
The change in a persons attitude or behaviour due to real or imagined pressure from others. (Asch’s famous experiment) Two main reasons why people conform… Normative Social Influence (need to be liked) and Informational Social Influence (need to be right)
Social Facilitation
The tendency to perform tasks better or faster in the presence of others. What you can do well, you are likey to do better in front of an audience. Happens with a skill you are already good at.
Social Loafing
People put in less effort when faced with a group goal, in comparison to the effort they put in when individually accountable. (aka diminished responsibility)
Social Inhibition
The tendency to perform worse at a new or poorly learned task when in the presence of other people. When you are finding something difficult it becomes even more challenging in front of an audience.
Deindividuation
The phenomenon where an individual experiences a loss of self-awareness and self restraint in high arousal group situations that also provide a sense of anonymity.
Diffusion of Responsibility
Can account for social loading as well; people feel less responsible for taking action, because there are other people who could also be responsible.
Group Polarisation
The tendency of an individual to undertake more extreme decisions/attitudes following exposure to a group discussion than he/she would male individally
Groupthink
When group members suppress their doubts about an idea being discussed/supported by the group. As a result, a false union is created and follows in the group decision may be overlooked (fake harmony)
