Lesson 5 Flashcards
Sum of all chemical processes that take place in a living organism and results in its growth, energy generation, waste disposal, and other functions in relation to cell nutrient
distribution.
Metabolism
Synthesis of complex molecules and energy production
Anabolism
Large complex molecules are broken down into simpler, smaller molecules accompanied by
energy utilization
Catabolism
What are the 2 general processes used to produce energy?
- Respiration
- Fermentation
Efficient ATP-generating process in which molecules are oxidized, resulting in an inorganic molecule as the final electron acceptor
Respiration
– Does not require Oxygen (Anaerobic), Kreb’s cycle, or an electron transport chain
– Release energy from sugars or other organic molecules (Amino Acids, Purines)
– Forms a mixture of end products (Lactate, Butyrate, Ethanol, Acetoin)
Fermentation
– Is an organism that require oxygen and grow well in room air.
– Air contains 15-21% oxygen and 1% CO2
Aerobe
Organism that requires 2-10% oxygen for growth.
Microaerophile
Require 5-10%
CO2 (Hemophilus influenzae,
Neisseria gonorrheae and
Streptococcus pneumoniae)
Capnophiles
This type of bacteria require additional substances for growth and survival.
Fastidious
Is the optimum temperature for most bacteria
35°C-37°C
Is the lowest/minimum time required to kill organisms in a constant temperature.
Thermal Death Time
Is the lowest temperature required to kill organisms in a constant time
Thermal Death Point
Optimum pH for most pathogenic
bacteria is?
6.5 - 7.5 pH
Important for bacterial growth
Moisture requirement
Requires increased concentration of
sodium chloride
Halophiles
Halophed
organisms that grow rapidly in the presence of high pressure 600 to 1100 atmospheric pressure
Measure of the growth rate of an organism
Length of Generation Time
Is the period wherein there is no cell division; no abrupt increase in cell number
Lag Phase
It is the period wherein microorganisms are
actively growing and dividing; bacterial
numbers increased logarithmically - cellular production is most active during this period
Log/Exponential Phase
It is the period wherein there is a balance between cell division and dying organisms - the number of viable microorganisms remains constant
Stationary/Plateau Phase
It is the period wherein there is cessation of bacterial growth - the number of cell death exceeds the number of living microorganisms
Death/Decline Phase
The doubling of cell number
Generation
Is the time required for a bacteria to double its population
Generation/Doubling Time
