Lesson 4: Solids Flashcards
What are the two categories of solids?
- Crystalline
- Amorphous
- arranged in fixed geometric patterns or lattices
- has definite melting point
Crystalline
What are the four types of crystalline solid?
- Metallic solids
- Ionic solids
- Molecular solids
- Covalent network solids
- random orientation of particles
- super cooled liquids
- softens gradually over a wide range of temperature
Amorphous
Examples of this type solid are plastic, glass, coal, and rubber
Amorphous
Examples of this type of solid are ice and sodium chloride, copper sulfate, diamond, graphite, and sugar
Crystalline
- “sea of electrons model”
- has atoms that readily lose electrons, but no atom in the crystal would readily gain electrons
- interaction between cations and delocalized electron
- shiny in appearance
Metallic solids
- made of ions
- hard and high melting points
Ionic solids
- made of atoms held together by a mix if hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole, and dispersion forces
- most have low melting points
Molecular solids
- made up of covalently bonded atoms
- a very large molecule
- strongest type of solid
Covalent Network Solids
[Identify the type of solid]
Diamond
Covalent Network Solids
[Identify the type of solid]
Sugar
Molecular Solid
[Identify the type of solid]
Copper
Metallic solid
[Identify the type of solid]
Sodium chloride
Ionic solid
[Identify the type of solid]
Gold
Metallic solid
[Identify the type of solid]
Aluminum
Metallic solid
[Identify the type of solid]
Iodine
Molecular solid
[Identify the type of solid]
Graphite
Covalent Network Solid
[Identify the type of solid]
Nepthalene
Molecular solid
[Identify the type of solid]
Silicon dioxide
Covalent Network Solid
[Identify the type of solid]
Boron nitride
Covalent Network Solid
