Lesson 4 - Research Methods

Question 1

The plan for testing the hypothesis. Affected by the question addressed, by the hypothesis, and by practical considerations

Answer 1

Research Design

Question 2

The extent to which the result of the study can be attributed to the independent variable

Answer 2

Internal Validity

Question 3

The extent to which the results of the study can be generalized or applied outside the immediate study

Answer 3

External Validity

Question 4

Any factor occurring in a study that makes the results uninterpretable because a variable other than the IV may also affect the DV

Answer 4

Confounding Variable

Question 5

The process of assigning people to different research groups in such a way that each person has an equal chance of being placed in any group

Answer 5

Randomization

Question 6

A mathematical calculation about the difference between groups

Answer 6

Statistical significance

Question 7

Whether or not the difference was meaningful for those affected

Answer 7

Clinical Significance

Question 8

The tendency to see all participants as one homogenous group

Answer 8

Patient Uniformity Myth

Question 9

Investigating intensively one or more individuals who display the behavioral and physical patterns

Answer 9

Case Study Method

Question 10

A statistical relationship between 2 variables

Answer 10

Correlation

Question 11

Means that great strength or quantity in one variable is associated with great strength or quantity in the other variable

Answer 11

Positive correlation

Question 12

The study of the incidence, distribution, and consequence of a particular problem or set of problems in one or more populations

Answer 12

Epidemiology

Question 13

Involves manipulation of an IV and the observation of its effects

Answer 13

Experiment

Question 14

Behavior changes as a result of a person’s expectation of change rather than as a results of any manipulation by an experimenter

Answer 14

Placebo Effect

Question 15

A variant of the placebo control group procedure. Not only are the participants in the study unaware of what group they are in or what treatment they are given, but so are the researchers or therapist providing treatment

Answer 15

Double-blind control

Question 16

The researcher gives different treatment to 2 or more comparable groups of people with a particular disorder and can then assess how or whether each treatment helped the people who received it

Answer 16

Comparative Treatment Research

Question 17

This method involves the systematic study of individuals under a variety of experimental conditions

Answer 17

Single-Case experimental designs

Question 18

A strategy used in single case experimental design where a behavior is measured several times instead of once before you change the independent variable and once afterward

Answer 18

Repeated Measurement

Question 19

A strategy used in single case experimental design where a researcher tries to determine whether the independent variable is responsible for changes in behavior

Answer 19

Withdrawal design

Question 20

Finding whether a disorder has a genetic component

Answer 20

basic genetic epidemiology

Question 21

researcher explore the nature of the genetic influences by seeing how genetics affect aspects of the disorder

Answer 21

advanced genetic epidemiology

Question 22

Finding out where the gene or genes are located in the genome

Answer 22

Gene finding

Question 23

Examining what these genes do and how they interact with the environment to create the symptoms associated with psychological disorders

Answer 23

Molecular genetics

Question 24

Scientist simply examine a behavioral pattern or emotional trait in the context of the family

Answer 24

Family Studies

Question 25

Scientists identify adoptees who have a particular behavioral pattern or psychological disorder and attempt to locate first-degree relatives who were raised in different family setting

Answer 25

Adoption studies

Question 26

When a family disorder is studied, other inherited characteristics are assessed at the same time

Answer 26

genetic linkage analysis

Question 27

Also uses genetic markers; Compares markers to people without the disorder

Answer 27

Association studies

Question 28

Researchers take a cross section of a population across the different age groups and compare them on some characteristics

Answer 28

Cross-sectional design

Question 29

Rather than looking at different groups of people of differing ages, researchers follow one group over time and assess change in its member directly

Answer 29

Longitudinal designs

Question 30

A research participants formal agreement to cooperate in a study following full disclosure of the nature of the research and the participant’s role in it

Answer 30

Informed Consent

Question 31

Research in university and medical settings must be approved by an _________________

Answer 31

Institutional Review Board