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LING 1 > Lesson 4: Phonetics > Flashcards

Lesson 4: Phonetics Flashcards

1
Q

phonetic inventory

A

the set of sounds in a language

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2
Q

What are the three characteristics of consonants?

A
  • place of articulation
  • voicing
  • manner of articulation
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3
Q

What is a place of articulation?

A

the part of the mouth that touches or interacts with another area of the vocal tract

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4
Q

bilabials

A

sounds produced by bringing the lips together

[p], [b], [m]

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5
Q

labiodentals

A

sounds produced by touching the bottom lip to the upper teeth

[f], [v]

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6
Q

interdentals

A

sounds produced by inserting the tip of the tougue between upper and lower teeth

[θ], [ƾ]

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7
Q

alveolars

A

sounds produced by raising the tip of the tongue to the alveolar ridge

[t], [n], [l], [r]

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8
Q

palatals

A

sounds produced by raising the front part of the tongue to the hard palate

[∫], [t∫], [j]

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9
Q

velars

A

sounds produced by raising the back of the tongue to the soft palate or velum

[k], [g], [ŋ]

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10
Q

glottals

A
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11
Q

labio-velar

A

sounds produced by a combination of pursed lips and raising the back of the tongue to the velum

[w]

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12
Q

voiceless sounds

A

vocal cords are apart and air flows freely through the glottis

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13
Q

voiced sounds

A

vocal cords are together and air is forced through, causing vibrations

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14
Q

stops

A

there is a complete obstruction of airflow somewhere in the vocal tract

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15
Q

oral stop

A

the velum is raised to block the nasal cavity and air flows out thru the mouth

[p], [b], [t], [d], [g], [k]

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16
Q

nasal stop

A

the velum is lowered to open the nasal cavity and air blows out thru the nose

[m], [n], [ŋ]

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17
Q

aspiration

A

a puff of air escapes after the stop is released, and before the vocal cords begin vibrating

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18
Q

fricative

A

major, but not complete, obstruction in the vocal tract that produces a hissing sound and causes friction

[s], [f], [z]

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19
Q

affricate

A

a stop quickly followed by a fricative

[ʤ], [tʃ]

20
Q

liquid

A

some minor obstruction of the vocal tract with the tongue, but air still passes through

[l], [r]

21
Q

glide

A

very small obstruction of air flow

[j], [w]

22
Q

What are the four characteristics of vowels?

A
  • tongue position
  • tongue height
  • tenseness
  • lip rounding
23
Q

tongue position

A

front, central, back

24
Q

tongue height

A

high, mid, low

25
Q

tense vowels

A

muscles are tensed and mouth is relatively narrower

26
Q

lax vowels

A

muscles are a bit more relaxed and mouth relatively wider

27
Q

True or False:
The tense vowels are the traditional English vowels [a], [e], [i], [o], [u].

A

True

28
Q

lip rounding

A

unrounded and rounded

29
Q

For each set of sounds below, identify all of the feature(s) that they have in common.

[b] [z] [n] [r] [l]

A

voicing

30
Q

For each set of sounds below, identify all of the feature(s) that they have in common.

[f] [θ] [s] [ʃ] [h]

A

manner and voicing

31
Q

For each set of sounds below, identify all of the feature(s) that they have in common.

[k] [g]

A

place and manner

32
Q

For each set of sounds below, identify all of the feature(s) that they have in common.

[i] [u]

A

height and tenseness

33
Q

For each set of sounds below, identify all of the feature(s) that they have in common.

[ɪ] [ʊ] [ə] [ɛ]

A

tenseness

34
Q

Choose the best transcription of the following words in the recording into IPA.

“cashed”

A. [caʃed]
B. [kæʃt]
C. [kæsht]
D. [cæʧd]
E. [kashed]
F. [caʃt]

A

[kæʃt]

35
Q

Choose the best transcription of the following words in the recording into IPA.

“selfie”

A. [selfi]
B. [sɛlphi]
C. [sellfi]
D. [sɛlfi]
E. [selfie]
F. [cɛlfi]

A

[sɛlfi]

36
Q

Choose the best transcription of the following words in the recording into IPA.

“plumber”

A. [plumer]
B. [plʌmər]
C. [plumber]
D. [plʌmmer]
E. [pəlʌmer]
F. [plʊmar]

A

B. [plʌmər]

37
Q

Choose the best transcription of the following words in the recording into IPA.

“lambs”

A. [lambz]
B. [læms]
C. [lambs]
D. [lamz]
E. [læmz]
F. [lams]

A

E. [læmz]

38
Q

Choose the best transcription of the following words in the recording into IPA.

“quote”

A. [qwot]
B. [kwot]
C. [kuot]
D. [kwote]
E. [cwot]
F. [quot]

A

B. [kwot]

39
Q

Choose the best transcription of the following words in the recording into IPA.

“justice”

A. [justis]
B. [ʤʌstɪs]
C. [jʌstice]
D. [ʧʌztɪz]
E. [ʤustice]
F. [djastɪs]

A

B. [ʤʌstɪs]

40
Q

Choose the best transcription of the following words in the recording into IPA.

“bathed”

A. [bayðd]
B. [beðd]
C. [beyqt]
D. [beðed]
E. [baðd]
F. [bæqd]

A

B. [beðd]

41
Q

Choose the best transcription of the following words in the recording into IPA.

“express”

A. [ekspres]
B. [ɛksprɛs]
C. [eksprɛss]
D. [ɪgspress]
E. [ɛgzpres]
F. [ɛcsprɛs]

A

B. [ɛksprɛs]

42
Q

Choose the best transcription of the following words in the recording into IPA.

“giraffe”

A. [jɪræffe]
B. [gɪræf]
C. [ʤɪraf]
D. [jiraf]
E. [gjiræf]
F. [ʤɪræf]

A

F. [ʤɪræf]

43
Q

Choose the best transcription of the following words in the recording into IPA.

“psycho”

A. [psajko]
B. [sajcho]
C. [psayko]
D. [sayko]
E. [psajko]
F. [sajko]

A

F. [sajko]

44
Q

scoop [skup]
plastic [plastɪk]
meet [mit]
maybe [mebi]
go [go]
slab [slap]
big [bɪk]
need [nit]
Wednesday [wɪnzde]

Select the true statement(s) about the differences between SNAE and ME. (Hint: write phonetic transcriptions of the SNAE words first.)

A. Voiceless stops in SNAE are voiced stops in ME.
B. Word final voiced stops in SNAE are voiceless stops in ME.
C. Word initial voiceless fricatives in SNAE are voiced stops in ME.
D. Word final voiceless stops in SNAE are voiced fricatives in ME.
E. Word initial fricatives in SNAE are voiceless stops in ME.
F. Voiced stops in SNAE are voiceless stops in ME.

A

B. Word final voiced stops in SNAE are voiceless stops in ME.

45
Q

scoop [skup]
plastic [plastɪk]
meet [mit]
maybe [mebi]
go [go]
slab [slap]
big [bɪk]
need [nit]
Wednesday [wɪnzde]

Select the true statement(s) about the differences between SNAE and ME. (Hint: write phonetic transcriptions of the SNAE words first.)

A. Voiceless stops in SNAE are voiceless stops in ME.
B. Word final voiceless stops in SNAE are voiced stops in ME.
C. Word initial voiceless fricatives in SNAE are voiced stops in ME.
D. Word final voiceless stops in SNAE are voiced affricates in ME.
E. Word initial fricatives in SNAE are voiceless stops in ME.
F. Voiced stops in SNAE are voiceless stops in ME.

A

A. Voiceless stops in SNAE are voiceless stops in ME.

LING 1 (10 decks)

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