Lesson 4: Alkynes Flashcards
A hydrocarbon with double bonds
Alkenes
Unsaturated hydrocarbon where some hydrogen have been replaced by triple carbon-carbon bonds. (replaced by pi bonds)
Alkynes
General formula of alkynes
CsubnHsub2n-2
In the general formula of alkynes n represents
Number of carbon atoms
Carbons in triple bond are ______________ and have linear geometry
sp hybridized
1 sigma bond and 2 pi bonds=
3 bonds
Carbon triple bond is _________ than carbon double bond
Stronger
Unsaturated Hydrocarbons are easy to break. Opening opportunity for __________.
Reactions
Open bonds from the uncoiling of triple and double bonds, the opened bonds could provide connections for carbon atoms to attach to, a process we call ______________.
Polymerization
In the rules for naming alkynes, you need to find the longest carbon chain that includes both _________ of the ___________.
Carbons, triple bonds
Rules for naming alkynes: Number the longest chain starting at the end _________ to the triple bond.
Closest
Rules for naming an alkyne:
Label each of the ___________ at its corresponding carbon.
Substituents
If there are more than one of the same substituent use the prefixes ____, ____, and ______ and so on.
di, tri and tetra
Rules for naming an alkyne:
If there is an alcohol present, number the longest chain starting at the end closest to it. However, the suffix would be ________, because the alcohol takes priority over the triple bond.
—ynol
Rules for naming an alkyne:
When there are two triple bonds in the molecule, find the longest carbon chain including both the __________. The suffix that would be used to name this molecule would be —diyne.
Triple bonds
Rules for naming an alkyne:
Substituents containing a triple bond are called _________.
Alkynyl
Rules for naming an alkyne:
A molecule that contains both double and triple bond is called an __________. The chain can be numbered starting with the end closest to the functional group that appears first.
Alkenyne
Alkyne nomenclature: Common name
The basis of all common Name for alkyne is the simplest form of alkyne—__________.
Acetylene
Consists of a closed ring of carbon atoms containing one or more triple bonds.
Cycloalkyne
The linear nature of alkyne unit makes cycloalkyne _________. Hence, they are very occurring organic compounds.
Strained
General formula of cycloalkyne
CsubnHsub2n-4
Physical properties of alkyne:
Alkynes are ________, __________ with characteristics that are comparable to those of Alkanes and alkenes.
Unsaturated, nonpolar hydrocarbons
Physical properties of alkynes:
Molecules with a _________ between carbon atoms.
Triple bond
Physical properties of alkynes:
Two types of alkynes
Terminal and internal
Physical properties of alkyne:
A carbon-carbon triple bond at the end of the carbon chain.
Terminal alkynes