Lesson 4

Question 1

• Four categories on the “self” in the west:

Answer 1

1. Analytical
2. Monotheistic
3. Individualistic
4. Materialistic/rationalistic

Question 2

•Tendency to see reality as an aggregate of parts
•Self – observer separate and distinct from external
objects
•“Me versus Other”

Answer 2

Analytical

Question 3

•Tendency toward unitary explanations of phenomenon
•Closed-system view of the “self” •Omnipotent power

Answer 3

Monotheistic

Question 4

•Self expression and Self Actualization are important in
establishing the “self”
•The means of finding satisfaction to the world

Answer 4

Individualistic

Question 5

•Discredit explanations that do not use analytic-deductive modes of thinking

Answer 5

Materialistic/rationalistic

Question 6

• A code of ethical conduct, of how one should properly act according to his/her relationship with other people
• The identity and self-concept of the individual are interwoven with the identity and status of his/her community or culture, sharing its pride as well as its failures.
• Self-cultivation is seen as the ultimate purpose of life.

Answer 6

Confucianism

Question 7

The cultivated self in Confucianism is what some scholars call a “_____” wherein personal needs are repressed (subdued) for the good of many, making Confucian society also hierarchal for the purpose of maintaining order and balance in society.

Answer 7

subdued self

Question 8

Confucian Philosophy
• Every person is born with 4 beginnings

Answer 8

1. Jen
2. Yi
3. Li
4. Chih

Question 9

•Heart of Compassion •Good will
•Sympathy •Politeness •Generosity

Answer 9

Jen

Question 10

•Heart of righteousness
•Respect for duty as;
•Guardian of nature and humanity

Answer 10

Yi

Question 11

•Heart of Propriety
•Involves not demonstrating your inner attitude in your outer expression

Answer 11

Li

Question 12

•Heart of Wisdom
•Expressed by putting Jen, Yi, and Li in practice

Answer 12

Chin

Question 13

seeing the self as a part of a collective and being willing to accept hierarchy and inequality within that collective

Answer 13

Vertical Collectivism

Question 14

seeing the self as fully autonomous, but recognizing that inequality will exist among individuals and that accepting this inequality.

Answer 14

Vertical Individualism

Question 15

seeing the self as part of a collective but perceiving all the members of that collective as equal.

Answer 15

Horizontal Collectivism

Question 16

seeing the self as fully autonomous, and believing that equality between individuals is the ideal.

Answer 16

Horizontal Individualism