Lesson 38 Flashcards
ἄρχω, ἄρξω, ἦρξα, ἦρχα,
ἦργμαι, ἤρχθην
(+ gen.) rule; (+ gen.) make begin; (mid. + gen., infin., or ptcple.) begin [cf. archangel]
The basic meaning of this verb is “be first” (in power or time). A partitive genitive may be added to show the group that someone is in charge of or the event that someone is making start (active voice) or is at the start of (middle voice).
ἄρχων, -οντος, ὁ
archon (one of the nine chief magistrates chosen each year in Athens)
θῡμός, -οῦ, ὁ
spirit, soul, heart, passion (usually courage or anger)
ψῡχή “spirit” is the breath or life in a person, while θῡμός “spirit” is the inner force that drives a person to feel emotion or take action.
προθῡμίᾱ, -ᾱς, ἡ
eagerness, goodwill
ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅ τι
(indef. rel. pron.) whoever, whatever,
whichever
πρόθῡμος, -ον
(+ gen. or infin.) eager (for, to); (+ dat. or
εἰς + acc.) well-disposed (toward)
ὅθεν
(rel. adv.) from where, whence
οἷ
(rel. adv.) to where, whither
ὅτε
(rel. adv.) when (ὅτ’ before smooth
breathing, ὅθ’before rough breathing);
ὅτε + ἄν = ὅταν
οὗ
(rel. adv.) where
ὡς
(rel. adv.) how, as
You now know several uses of ὡς: as a relative adverb (“how,” “as”), as an exclamatory adverb (“how…!”), as a particle combined with participles (“as if,” “with the avowed intention of,” “on the grounds of”), as a par- ticle combined with superlatives (“as…as possible”), and as a conjunction (“as,” “since,” “because,” “after,” “when”).
ὁπόθεν
(indef. rel. adv.) from wherever, whencesoever
ὅποι
(indef. rel. adv.) to wherever, whithersoever
ὁπότε
(indef. rel. adv.) whenever (ὁπότ’ before smooth breathing; ὁπόθ’before rough
breathing) ; ὁπότε + ἄν = ὁπόταν
ὅπου
indef. rel. adv.) wherever
