Lesson 36 Flashcards
Noun
소방서
fire station
Notes: 경찰서 is another word that uses “서” to denote some sort of public office.
Examples:
저는 소방서가 보여요 = I can see the fire station
소방서는 우체국 건너편에 있어요 = The fire station is across the street from the post office
새로운 소방차가 옛날 소방서에 못 들어가요 = The new fire truck can’t go in to (can’t fit into) the old fire station
소방관들은 아주 급하게 소방서에서 나왔어요 = The fire men came out of the fire station urgently
Noun
무릎
“무릅”
knee
“무릅”
Common Usages:
무릎이 아프다 = for one’s knee to be sore
무릎을 끓다 = to go on one’s knees
무릎을 굽히다 /구부리다 = to bend one’s knees
무릎 관절 = knee joint
Examples:
무릎이 아파 보여요 = Your knee looks sore
어떤 학생은 무릎에 깁스가 감겨 있어요 = Some student has a cast wrapped around his knee
무릎이 아플 때 자전거를 타지 마세요 = When your knee hurts, don’t ride a bike
운동을 무리하게 하면 무릎이 아파요 = If you exercise too much (too intensely), your knee can hurt
무릎이 아프다
for one’s knee to be sore
무릎을 끓다
to go on one’s knees
무릎을 굽히다 /구부리다
to bend one’s knees
무릎 관절
knee joint
얼음
ice
Common Usages:
얼음물 = ice water
얼음이 녹다 = for ice to melt
Examples:
얼음 때문에 길이 미끄러워요 = The road is slippery because of the ice
물을 얼리면 얼음이 돼요 = If you freeze water, it becomes ice
물에 얼음을 넣어 줄까요? = May I put some ice into your water?
얼음물
ice water
얼음이 녹다
for ice to melt
흡연
“흐변”
smoking
“흐변”
Notes: 흡연 is the opposite of “금연” which means “non-smoking.” 흡연 is usually used in combination with other words. When smoking a cigarette, it is more common to use “담배를 피우다.”
Common Usages:
흡연 구역 = smoking area
간접흡연 = second hand smoke
흡연실 = smoking room
Examples:
흡연 구역이 안 보여요 = I can’t see the smoking area
암에 걸린 이유는 간접흡연 때문인지 오염 때문인 지 알 길이 없어요 = There is no way of knowing if the reason you caught cancer was because of second hand smoke, or because of pollution
흡연 구역
smoking area
간접흡연
second hand smoke
흡연실
smoking room
종아리
calf
Notes: This word is not used to refer to a baby cow. That word is 송아지.
Examples:
그 남자 종아리가 아주 강해 보여요 = That man’s calves look very strong
종아리 스트레칭을 꾸준히 하는 것은 중요해요 = It is important to stretch your calves a lot
관리비
“괄리비”
management fees
“괄리비”
Notes: The most common way you will hear 관리비 used is to refer to the “management fees” of an apartment building that one lives in. In addition to the monthly rent, electricity, gas and water bills, tenants usually have to pay a fee to the management (or landlord) of their apartment. This usually covers expenses like garbage pickup, cleaning and maintenance.
Common Usages:
관리비를 내다 = to pay for the management fees
관리비가 오르다 = for management fees to raise
관리비가 내려가다 = for management fees to lower
Examples:
관리비는 매달 내야 하는 고정 비용이에요
= Management fees are a fixed expense that one has to pay every month
다음 달부터 우리 집주인이 관리비를 올릴 거예요
= The landlord will raise the management fee starting next month
관리비를 내다
to pay for the management fees
관리비가 오르다
for management fees to raise
관리비가 내려가다
for management fees to lower
치료비
medical fees
Examples:
그 수술이 보험에 포함되어서 치료비를 안 내도 돼요
= That surgery is covered (included) on my insurance, so I don’t need to pay for it (the medical fees)
암에 관한 치료비는 이 보험에 포함되지 않아요
= Medical expenses related to cancer are not included in this insurance
치료비가 너무 비싸서 저는 치료를 못 받아요
= I can’t get the treatment because the (medical) fees are too expensive
보관료
“보관뇨”
storage fees
“보관뇨”
Examples:
기차역에서 짐을 보관하면 보관료를 내야 해요
= If you store your luggage in the train station, you need to pay a storage fee
보관료를 이미 한 번 내서 락커를 연다면 또 내야 돼요
= I already paid the storage fee once, so if I open the locker, I need to pay again
땅값
“땅깝”
land prices
“땅깝”
Common Usages:
땅값이 오르다 = for land prices to go up
땅값이 내려가다/떨어지다 = for land prices to go down
Examples:
한국에서 강남의 땅값이 제일 비싸요 = Land prices in Gangnam are the most expensive in Korea
큰 집이 많이 있는 길의 땅값은 비싸요 = The price of land on the street with a lot of big houses is expensive
땅값이 오르다
for land prices to go up
땅값이 내려가다/떨어지다
for land prices to go down
입장료
“입짱뇨”
entrance fees
“입짱뇨”
Examples:
놀이동산 입장료는 단체로 지불하면 더 싸요
= The entrance fee to the amusement park is cheaper if you pay as a group
입장료가 너무 비쌀 거라서 저는 안 갈 거예요
= The price of admission will be so expensive, so I am not going to go
구명조끼 비용이 입장료에 포함되어 있어요
= The fee for life jackets is included in the price of admission
등록금
“등녹끔”
tuition/registration fee
“등녹끔”
Examples:
학기마다 대학교 등록금을 못 내는 학생들이 있어요
= Every semester there are students who can’t (afford to) pay their tuition
등록금 때문에 저는 그 대학교에 못 가요
= I won’t be able to go to university because of the admission/registration fees
교통비
transportation fees
Examples:
한국의 교통비는 매년 오르고 있어요
= Transportation fees (the fare for buses and subways) are going up every year in Korea
매월 직장에 출퇴근하는 데 교통비가 10만원이 들어요
= Every month the transportation cost to commute to work is 100,000 won
원룸
one room (studio) apartment
Notes: “one rooms” are a style of apartment in Korea that are very small and have everything (including kitchen, laundry area, living area and bedroom) put in one tiny space. It is also possible to say “투룸”(two room) or “쓰리룸” (three room). A “two room” apartment usually means “two bedrooms, plus a common area (kitchen, living area, etc),” and a “three room” apartment usually means “three bedrooms plus a common area.”
Examples:
보통 대학생들은 원룸에서 살아요 = Most university students live in one-rooms
이 방은 원룸이라서 너무 작아요 = This is a studio apartment, so it is too small
화장
makeup
Common Usages:
화장품 = cosmetics
화장실 = bathroom/restroom
화장대 = makeup table (a place where people can keep all of their makeup and put it on (a “vanity”)
Examples:
그녀가 오늘 화장을 안 한 것 같이 보여요 = It looks like she didn’t do her makeup today
저는 화장을 하지 않아서 못생겨 보여요 = I look ugly because I didn’t do my makeup
그 여자가 오늘 화장을 하지 않아서 아주 달라 보여요
= That girl looks very different today because she didn’t do her makeup
대학교에 들어가면 많은 여학생들이 화장을 하기 시작해요
= Many female students start putting on makeup when they enter university
내일 날씨가 춥더라도 같이 처음 하는 식사일 거라서 여성스러운 원피스를 입어 야 한다. 내일은 화장도 예쁘게 해야겠다고 결심했다.
= Even if the weather is cold tomorrow, it will be the first time we eat together, so I must wear a feminine one-piece (dress). I also decided that I must put my makeup on beautifully tomorrow.
화장품
cosmetics
화장실
bathroom/restroom
화장대
makeup table (a place where people can keep all of their makeup and put it on (a “vanity”)
소방
firefighting
Notes: 소방 is usually combined with other nouns to indicate that noun is related to “firefighting.”
Common Usages:
소방서 = fire station
소방차 = fire truck
소방관 = firefighter
소방대 = a firefighting team
Examples:
소방 훈련이 힘들어 보여요 = Firefighting training looks difficult
새로운 소방차가 옛날 소방서에 못 들어가요 = The new fire truck can’t go in to (can’t fit into) the old fire station
소방관들은 아주 급하게 소방서에서 나왔어요 = The fire men came out of the fire station urgently
소방서
fire station
소방차
fire truck
소방관
firefighter
소방대
a firefighting team
초등학교
“초등학꾜”
elementary school
“초등학꾜”
Common Usages:
초등학생 = elementary school student
초등학교 선생님 = elementary school teacher
Examples:
이 학교는 초등학교라서 이 동네에 어린이들이 많아요
= This school is an elementary school, so there are a lot of children in the neighborhood
고등학교에서 일하는 대신에 초등학교에서 일하고 싶어요
= Instead of working in a high school, I want to work in an elementary school
초등학생들을 가르치려면 선생님들이 인내심이 많이 필요해요
= In order to teach elementary school students, teachers need a lot of patience
초등학생
elementary school student
초등학교 선생님
elementary school teacher
첫차
“첟차”
first bus, first car
“첟차”
Notes: The opposite of “첫차” is “막차” (last bus, last car)
Common Usages:
첫차를 타다 = to take the first bus
첫차를 놓치다 = to miss the first bus
Examples:
저는 내일 첫차를 타야 돼요 = I have to take the first train tomorrow
첫차가 몇 시에 출발해요? = What time does the first train depart?
PLAY첫차가 출발하는 소리가 들렸어요 = I heard the sound of the first car/bus departing
마을버스를 탈 때 첫차를 타면 할인을 받아요 = When riding the village bus, there’s a discount for taking the first bus
첫차를 타다
to take the first bus
첫차를 놓치다
to miss the first bus
가격표
price tag
Common Usages:
가격표를 떼다 = to take off a price tag
가격표를 붙이다 = to put a price tag on something
Examples:
이 셔츠는 가격표가 없어요 = This shirt doesn’t have a price tag
물건을 살 때 가격표를 잘 확인하고 골라야 해요
= When you buy something, you should check the price tag and then buy it
이 셔츠에 가격표가 없기 때문에 얼마인지 몰라요
= I don’t know how much this shirt costs because there is no price tag on it
가격표를 떼다
to take off a price tag
가격표를 붙이다
to put a price tag on something
여우
fox
Notes: The word “여우” is often used to describe a girl who is able to get what she wants from boys using her abilities to flirt.
For example: 그녀는 여우 같아요 = That girl is like a fox
Examples:
야생 여우는 점점 멸종되고 있어요 = Wild foxes are gradually becoming extinct
의욕
drive, motivation
Common Usages:
의욕이 넘치다 = to have a lot of motivation/drive (literally – to be overflowing with motivation)
삶의 의욕 = the will to live
Examples:
그 남자가 의욕이 많아 보여요 = It looks like that man has a lot of willpower/drive
매년 초에 모든 사람들은 의욕이 넘쳐요 = Everybody is filled with drive/motivation at the start of each year
의욕이 넘치다
to have a lot of motivation/drive (literally – to be overflowing with motivation)
삶의 의욕
the will to live
일방적
one sided
Common Usages:
일방적인 경기 = a one sided match/game
일방적인 사랑 = a one sided love (when one person likes somebody, but not vice-versa)
일방 통행 = one way (traffic)
일방통행도로 = a one-way road
Examples:
일방적인 사랑은 결국에 안 좋게 끝나게 돼요 = One sided loves eventually won’t end well
일방적인 경기
a one sided match/game
일방적인 사랑
a one sided love (when one person likes somebody, but not vice-versa)
일방 통행
one way (traffic)
일방통행도로
a one-way road
이사하다
to move to a new house
Notes: It is also possible to say “이사 가다” to indicate that one moves somewhere. For example:
새로운 집으로 이사했어요 = I moved to a new house
새로운 집으로 이사 갔어요 = I moved to a new house
In this same respect, it is also possible to indicate that one has moved to a place where the speaker is currently speaking using “오다.” For example:
옆 집에 새로운 가족이 이사 왔어요 = A new family moved in to the house next door
Common Usages:
이삿짐 = one’s items that need to be moved from place to place when moving
Examples:
우리는 부산으로 이사하기로 했어요 = We decided to move to Busan
직장에서 더 멀리 이사하게 되었어요 = I ended up moving farther away from work
한국에서는 이사를 하고 나면 자장면을 먹어요
= In Korea, after you move in (to a new house), you eat 자장면
저는 제 친구에게 한국으로 이사하고 싶은 이유가 뭐냐고 물어봤어요
= I asked my friend ‘what is the reason you want to move to Korea?’
서울로 이사하든지 부산으로 이사하든지 집값은 똑같아요
= It doesn’t matter if I move to Seoul or if I move to Busan, the cost of housing is the same
이삿짐
one’s items that need to be moved from place to place when moving
이사 가다
to move to a new house
이사 오다
(for someone else) to move to a new house (where speaker is)
귀국하다
“귀구카다”
to return to one’s home country
“귀구카다”
Examples:
한국에 귀국하고 나서 가장 먹고 싶은 음식은 불고기예요 = After returning to Korea, the food that I will want to eat most is Bulgogi
터지다
to explode
Notes: When a person actively explodes something, 터뜨리다 is used.
Common Usages:
폭탄이 터지다 = for a bomb to explode
분노가 터지다 = to explode in anger
배가 터질 것 같아요 = My stomach is (probably) going to explode
사건이 터지다 = for an event/scandal/incident to erupt
Examples:
공을 땅에 떨어뜨려서 공이 터졌어요 = I threw the ball on the ground and it exploded
오늘 제가 사는 곳에서 아주 큰 사건이 터졌어요 = A big scandal erupted today where I live
뭔가 터지는 소리가 들렸어요 = I heard something explode
배가 곧 터질 것 같아서 더 못 먹겠어요 = I can’t eat anymore because my stomach is (like it is) about to explode
폭탄이 터지다
for a bomb to explode
분노가 터지다
to explode in anger
배가 터질 것 같아요
My stomach is (probably) going to explode
사건이 터지다
for an event/scandal/incident to erupt
기대다
to lean against
Notes: Make sure not to confuse this word with 기대하다 (to expect, to be excited)
Common Usages:
문에 기대다 = to lean against a door
벽에 기대다 = to lean against a wall
사람에게 기대다 = to rely on somebody
~를/을 벽에 기대다 = to lean something against a wall
Examples:
허리가 아플 때는 벽에 기대는 것이 도움이 돼요
= When my back/hip hurts, it is helpful to lean against a wall
문이 완전히 열릴 때까지 버스에서 내리거나 문에 기대지 마세요
Until the door is fully/completely open, don’t get off the bus or lean on the door
문에 기대다
to lean against a door
벽에 기대다
to lean against a wall
사람에게 기대다
to rely on somebody
~를/을 벽에 기대다
to lean something against a wall
얻다
“얻따”
to gain, to get, to obtain
“얻따”
Common Usages:
인기를 얻다 = to become famous (to gain popularity)
신임을 얻다 = to gain trust
정보를 얻다 = to acquire/gain information
지식을 얻다 = to acquire/gain knowledge
기회를 얻다 = to gain/get an opportunity
Examples:
오늘 핸드폰을 사서 많은 사은품을 얻었어요
= I bought a cell phone today and got a lot of free stuff (thrown in)
그 회사원이 승진을 해서 동료들한테 인기를 얻었어요
= That worker’s popularity increased because he got promoted
인기를 얻다
to become famous (to gain popularity)
신임을 얻다
to gain trust
정보를 얻다
to acquire/gain information
지식을 얻다
to acquire/gain knowledge
기회를 얻다
to gain/get an opportunity
Verb
임신하다
to get pregnant
Common Usages:
임신 중절 수술 = an abortion
임신시키다 = to get a person pregnant
임신한 지 얼마나 됐어요? = How long have you been pregnant for?
Examples:
20대 후반이 되면 많은 사람들이 임신을 해요 = Many people in their late 20s get pregnant
슬기가 임신해서 회사에 오는 것이 힘들겠어요 = It must be difficult for Seulgi to come to the office because she is pregnant
Noun
임신
pregnancy
임신 중절 수술
an abortion
임신시키다
to get a person pregnant
임신한 지 얼마나 됐어요?
How long have you been pregnant for?
Passive Verb
보이다
to be seen
Common Usages:
안 보이다 = to not be able to see
보여주다 = to show
Notes: The word 보이다 is the passive form of 보다 and is used to indicate that something can or cannot be seen. For example:
TV가 안 보여 = I can’t see the TV
저는 소방서가 보여요 = I can see the fire station
입장료가 얼마인지 안 보여요 = I can’t see how much the admission cost is
나는 여기서 산이 안 보여 = I can’t see the mountains from here
초등학교가 보여요? = Can you see the elementary school?
가격표가 안 보여요 = I can’t see the price tags
흡연 구역이 안 보여요 = I can’t see the smoking area
공기가 맑은 곳에서는 많은 별이 보여요 = You can see a lot of stars where the air is clear
By placing 같이 (which is the adverb form of the word 같다) after a noun and predicating the whole sentence with 보이다, you can indicate that something looks like something. For example:
너는 원숭이 같이 보여 = You look like a monkey
저의 남자친구는 교수님 같이 보여요 = My boyfriend looks like the professor
너는 고등학생 **같이 보여 **= You look like a high school student
저의 여자친구는 연예인 같이 보여요 = My girlfriend looks like a celebrity
~아/어 보이다 can be added to adjectives to indicate that something “looks like” an adjective:
저는 그 사람보다 더 똑똑해 보여요 = I look smarter than that person
왜 그렇게 행복해 보여요? = Why do you look so happy
다른 사람들이 그 남자가 잘생기지 않다고 하지만 저한테는 왠지 잘생겨 보여요
Other people say that man isn’t handsome, but to me he looks handsome for some reason
그 여자가 오늘 화장을 하지 않아서 아주 달라 보여요
= That girl looks very different today because she didn’t do her makeup
안 보이다
to not be able to see
보여주다
to show
~같이 보이다
To indicate A looks like B
Passive Verb
들리다
to be heard
Common Usages:
환청이 들리다 = to hear things (hallucinations)
Notes: The word 들리다 is the passive form of 듣다 and is used to indicate that something can or cannot be heard.
소리가 안 들려요 = I can’t hear the sound
저는 소리가 안 들려요 = I can’t hear anything
나는 네 목소리가 안 들려 = I can’t hear your voice
첫차가 출발하는 소리가 들렸어요 = I heard the sound of the first car/bus departing
뭔가 터지는 소리가 들렸어요 = I heard something explode
목소리가 잘 들려 = I hear you (your voice) well
환청이 들리다
to hear things (hallucinations)
짜다
to be salty
Notes: In Korea, they use this word to refer to anything that has been over-spiced, which is, in effect putting too much salt in something.
Common Usages:
짜게 먹다 = to eat something salty
Examples:
한국 음식은 대체적으로 짜요 = Korean food is generally salty
우리가 너무 짜게 먹었어요 = We ate too salty (this would never be said in English, but Korean people say this often after they ate a meal that was overly spiced/salted)
짜게 먹다
to eat something salty
우리가 너무 짜게 먹었어요 = We ate too salty (this would never be said in English, but Korean people say this often after they ate a meal that was overly spiced/salted)
fire station
Noun
소방서
Notes: 경찰서 is another word that uses “서” to denote some sort of public office.
Examples:
저는 소방서가 보여요 = I can see the fire station
소방서는 우체국 건너편에 있어요 = The fire station is across the street from the post office
새로운 소방차가 옛날 소방서에 못 들어가요 = The new fire truck can’t go in to (can’t fit into) the old fire station
소방관들은 아주 급하게 소방서에서 나왔어요 = The fire men came out of the fire station urgently
knee
“무릅”
Noun
무릎
“무릅”
Common Usages:
무릎이 아프다 = for one’s knee to be sore
무릎을 끓다 = to go on one’s knees
무릎을 굽히다 /구부리다 = to bend one’s knees
무릎 관절 = knee joint
Examples:
무릎이 아파 보여요 = Your knee looks sore
어떤 학생은 무릎에 깁스가 감겨 있어요 = Some student has a cast wrapped around his knee
무릎이 아플 때 자전거를 타지 마세요 = When your knee hurts, don’t ride a bike
운동을 무리하게 하면 무릎이 아파요 = If you exercise too much (too intensely), your knee can hurt
for one’s knee to be sore
무릎이 아프다
to go on one’s knees
무릎을 끓다
to bend one’s knees
무릎을 굽히다 /구부리다
knee joint
무릎 관절
ice
얼음
Common Usages:
얼음물 = ice water
얼음이 녹다 = for ice to melt
Examples:
얼음 때문에 길이 미끄러워요 = The road is slippery because of the ice
물을 얼리면 얼음이 돼요 = If you freeze water, it becomes ice
물에 얼음을 넣어 줄까요? = May I put some ice into your water?
ice water
얼음물
for ice to melt
얼음이 녹다
smoking
“흐변”
흡연
“흐변”
Notes: 흡연 is the opposite of “금연” which means “non-smoking.” 흡연 is usually used in combination with other words. When smoking a cigarette, it is more common to use “담배를 피우다.”
Common Usages:
흡연 구역 = smoking area
간접흡연 = second hand smoke
흡연실 = smoking room
Examples:
흡연 구역이 안 보여요 = I can’t see the smoking area
암에 걸린 이유는 간접흡연 때문인지 오염 때문인 지 알 길이 없어요 = There is no way of knowing if the reason you caught cancer was because of second hand smoke, or because of pollution
smoking area
흡연 구역
second hand smoke
간접흡연
smoking room
흡연실
calf
(Body Part)
종아리
Examples:
그 남자 종아리가 아주 강해 보여요 = That man’s calves look very strong
종아리 스트레칭을 꾸준히 하는 것은 중요해요 = It is important to stretch your calves a lot
management fees
“괄리비”
관리비
“괄리비”
Notes: The most common way you will hear 관리비 used is to refer to the “management fees” of an apartment building that one lives in. In addition to the monthly rent, electricity, gas and water bills, tenants usually have to pay a fee to the management (or landlord) of their apartment. This usually covers expenses like garbage pickup, cleaning and maintenance.
Common Usages:
관리비를 내다 = to pay for the management fees
관리비가 오르다 = for management fees to raise
관리비가 내려가다 = for management fees to lower
Examples:
관리비는 매달 내야 하는 고정 비용이에요
= Management fees are a fixed expense that one has to pay every month
다음 달부터 우리 집주인이 관리비를 올릴 거예요
= The landlord will raise the management fee starting next month
to pay for the management fees
관리비를 내다
for management fees to raise
관리비가 오르다
for management fees to lower
관리비가 내려가다
medical fees
치료비
Examples:
그 수술이 보험에 포함되어서 치료비를 안 내도 돼요
= That surgery is covered (included) on my insurance, so I don’t need to pay for it (the medical fees)
암에 관한 치료비는 이 보험에 포함되지 않아요
= Medical expenses related to cancer are not included in this insurance
치료비가 너무 비싸서 저는 치료를 못 받아요
= I can’t get the treatment because the (medical) fees are too expensive
storage fees
“보관뇨”
보관료
“보관뇨”
Examples:
기차역에서 짐을 보관하면 보관료를 내야 해요
= If you store your luggage in the train station, you need to pay a storage fee
보관료를 이미 한 번 내서 락커를 연다면 또 내야 돼요
= I already paid the storage fee once, so if I open the locker, I need to pay again
land prices
“땅깝”
땅값
“땅깝”
Common Usages:
땅값이 오르다 = for land prices to go up
땅값이 내려가다/떨어지다 = for land prices to go down
Examples:
한국에서 강남의 땅값이 제일 비싸요 = Land prices in Gangnam are the most expensive in Korea
큰 집이 많이 있는 길의 땅값은 비싸요 = The price of land on the street with a lot of big houses is expensive
for land prices to go up
땅값이 오르다
for land prices to go down
땅값이 내려가다/떨어지다
entrance fees
“입짱뇨”
입장료
“입짱뇨”
Examples:
놀이동산 입장료는 단체로 지불하면 더 싸요
= The entrance fee to the amusement park is cheaper if you pay as a group
입장료가 너무 비쌀 거라서 저는 안 갈 거예요
= The price of admission will be so expensive, so I am not going to go
구명조끼 비용이 입장료에 포함되어 있어요
= The fee for life jackets is included in the price of admission
tuition/registration fee
“등녹끔”
등록금
“등녹끔”
Examples:
학기마다 대학교 등록금을 못 내는 학생들이 있어요
= Every semester there are students who can’t (afford to) pay their tuition
등록금 때문에 저는 그 대학교에 못 가요
= I won’t be able to go to university because of the admission/registration fees
transportation fees
교통비
Examples:
한국의 교통비는 매년 오르고 있어요
= Transportation fees (the fare for buses and subways) are going up every year in Korea
매월 직장에 출퇴근하는 데 교통비가 10만원이 들어요
= Every month the transportation cost to commute to work is 100,000 won
one room (studio) apartment
원룸
Notes: “one rooms” are a style of apartment in Korea that are very small and have everything (including kitchen, laundry area, living area and bedroom) put in one tiny space. It is also possible to say “투룸”(two room) or “쓰리룸” (three room). A “two room” apartment usually means “two bedrooms, plus a common area (kitchen, living area, etc),” and a “three room” apartment usually means “three bedrooms plus a common area.”
Examples:
보통 대학생들은 원룸에서 살아요 = Most university students live in one-rooms
이 방은 원룸이라서 너무 작아요 = This is a studio apartment, so it is too small
makeup
화장
Common Usages:
화장품 = cosmetics
화장실 = bathroom/restroom
화장대 = makeup table (a place where people can keep all of their makeup and put it on (a “vanity”)
Examples:
그녀가 오늘 화장을 안 한 것 같이 보여요 = It looks like she didn’t do her makeup today
저는 화장을 하지 않아서 못생겨 보여요 = I look ugly because I didn’t do my makeup
그 여자가 오늘 화장을 하지 않아서 아주 달라 보여요
= That girl looks very different today because she didn’t do her makeup
대학교에 들어가면 많은 여학생들이 화장을 하기 시작해요
= Many female students start putting on makeup when they enter university
내일 날씨가 춥더라도 같이 처음 하는 식사일 거라서 여성스러운 원피스를 입어 야 한다. 내일은 화장도 예쁘게 해야겠다고 결심했다.
= Even if the weather is cold tomorrow, it will be the first time we eat together, so I must wear a feminine one-piece (dress). I also decided that I must put my makeup on beautifully tomorrow.
cosmetics
화장품
bathroom/restroom
화장실
makeup table (a place where people can keep all of their makeup and put it on (a “vanity”)
화장대
firefighting
소방
Notes: 소방 is usually combined with other nouns to indicate that noun is related to “firefighting.”
Common Usages:
소방서 = fire station
소방차 = fire truck
소방관 = firefighter
소방대 = a firefighting team
Examples:
소방 훈련이 힘들어 보여요 = Firefighting training looks difficult
새로운 소방차가 옛날 소방서에 못 들어가요 = The new fire truck can’t go in to (can’t fit into) the old fire station
소방관들은 아주 급하게 소방서에서 나왔어요 = The fire men came out of the fire station urgently
fire station
소방서
fire truck
소방차
firefighter
소방관
a firefighting team
소방대
elementary school
“초등학꾜”
초등학교
“초등학꾜”
Common Usages:
초등학생 = elementary school student
초등학교 선생님 = elementary school teacher
Examples:
이 학교는 초등학교라서 이 동네에 어린이들이 많아요
= This school is an elementary school, so there are a lot of children in the neighborhood
고등학교에서 일하는 대신에 초등학교에서 일하고 싶어요
= Instead of working in a high school, I want to work in an elementary school
초등학생들을 가르치려면 선생님들이 인내심이 많이 필요해요
= In order to teach elementary school students, teachers need a lot of patience
elementary school student
초등학생
elementary school teacher
초등학교 선생님
first bus, first car
“첟차”
첫차
“첟차”
Notes: The opposite of “첫차” is “막차” (last bus, last car)
Common Usages:
첫차를 타다 = to take the first bus
첫차를 놓치다 = to miss the first bus
Examples:
저는 내일 첫차를 타야 돼요 = I have to take the first train tomorrow
첫차가 몇 시에 출발해요? = What time does the first train depart?
PLAY첫차가 출발하는 소리가 들렸어요 = I heard the sound of the first car/bus departing
마을버스를 탈 때 첫차를 타면 할인을 받아요 = When riding the village bus, there’s a discount for taking the first bus
to take the first bus
첫차를 타다
to miss the first bus
첫차를 놓치다
price tag
가격표
Common Usages:
가격표를 떼다 = to take off a price tag
가격표를 붙이다 = to put a price tag on something
Examples:
이 셔츠는 가격표가 없어요 = This shirt doesn’t have a price tag
물건을 살 때 가격표를 잘 확인하고 골라야 해요
= When you buy something, you should check the price tag and then buy it
이 셔츠에 가격표가 없기 때문에 얼마인지 몰라요
= I don’t know how much this shirt costs because there is no price tag on it
to take off a price tag
가격표를 떼다
to put a price tag on something
가격표를 붙이다
fox
여우
drive, motivation
의욕
Common Usages:
의욕이 넘치다 = to have a lot of motivation/drive (literally – to be overflowing with motivation)
삶의 의욕 = the will to live
Examples:
그 남자가 의욕이 많아 보여요 = It looks like that man has a lot of willpower/drive
매년 초에 모든 사람들은 의욕이 넘쳐요 = Everybody is filled with drive/motivation at the start of each year
to have a lot of motivation/drive (literally – to be overflowing with motivation)
의욕이 넘치다
the will to live
삶의 의욕
one sided
일방적
Common Usages:
일방적인 경기 = a one sided match/game
일방적인 사랑 = a one sided love (when one person likes somebody, but not vice-versa)
일방 통행 = one way (traffic)
일방통행도로 = a one-way road
Examples:
일방적인 사랑은 결국에 안 좋게 끝나게 돼요 = One sided loves eventually won’t end well
a one sided match/game
일방적인 경기
a one sided love (when one person likes somebody, but not vice-versa)
일방적인 사랑
one way (traffic)
일방 통행
a one-way road
일방통행도로
to move to a new house
이사하다
Notes: It is also possible to say “이사 가다” to indicate that one moves somewhere. For example:
새로운 집으로 이사했어요 = I moved to a new house
새로운 집으로 이사 갔어요 = I moved to a new house
In this same respect, it is also possible to indicate that one has moved to a place where the speaker is currently speaking using “오다.” For example:
옆 집에 새로운 가족이 이사 왔어요 = A new family moved in to the house next door
Common Usages:
이삿짐 = one’s items that need to be moved from place to place when moving
Examples:
우리는 부산으로 이사하기로 했어요 = We decided to move to Busan
직장에서 더 멀리 이사하게 되었어요 = I ended up moving farther away from work
한국에서는 이사를 하고 나면 자장면을 먹어요
= In Korea, after you move in (to a new house), you eat 자장면
저는 제 친구에게 한국으로 이사하고 싶은 이유가 뭐냐고 물어봤어요
= I asked my friend ‘what is the reason you want to move to Korea?’
서울로 이사하든지 부산으로 이사하든지 집값은 똑같아요
= It doesn’t matter if I move to Seoul or if I move to Busan, the cost of housing is the same
one’s items that need to be moved from place to place when moving
이삿짐
to move to a new house
이사 가다
(for someone else) to move to a new house (where speaker is)
이사 오다
to return to one’s home country
“귀구카다”
귀국하다
“귀구카다”
Examples:
한국에 귀국하고 나서 가장 먹고 싶은 음식은 불고기예요 = After returning to Korea, the food that I will want to eat most is Bulgogi
to explode
터지다
Notes: When a person actively explodes something, 터뜨리다 is used.
Common Usages:
폭탄이 터지다 = for a bomb to explode
분노가 터지다 = to explode in anger
배가 터질 것 같아요 = My stomach is (probably) going to explode
사건이 터지다 = for an event/scandal/incident to erupt
Examples:
공을 땅에 떨어뜨려서 공이 터졌어요 = I threw the ball on the ground and it exploded
오늘 제가 사는 곳에서 아주 큰 사건이 터졌어요 = A big scandal erupted today where I live
뭔가 터지는 소리가 들렸어요 = I heard something explode
배가 곧 터질 것 같아서 더 못 먹겠어요 = I can’t eat anymore because my stomach is (like it is) about to explode
for a bomb to explode
폭탄이 터지다
to explode in anger
분노가 터지다
My stomach is (probably) going to explode
배가 터질 것 같아요
for an event/scandal/incident to erupt
사건이 터지다
to lean against
기대다
Notes: Make sure not to confuse this word with 기대하다 (to expect, to be excited)
Common Usages:
문에 기대다 = to lean against a door
벽에 기대다 = to lean against a wall
사람에게 기대다 = to rely on somebody
~를/을 벽에 기대다 = to lean something against a wall
Examples:
허리가 아플 때는 벽에 기대는 것이 도움이 돼요
= When my back/hip hurts, it is helpful to lean against a wall
문이 완전히 열릴 때까지 버스에서 내리거나 문에 기대지 마세요
Until the door is fully/completely open, don’t get off the bus or lean on the door
to lean against a door
문에 기대다
to lean against a wall
벽에 기대다
to rely on somebody
사람에게 기대다
to lean something against a wall
~를/을 벽에 기대다
to gain, to get, to obtain
“얻따”
얻다
“얻따”
Common Usages:
인기를 얻다 = to become famous (to gain popularity)
신임을 얻다 = to gain trust
정보를 얻다 = to acquire/gain information
지식을 얻다 = to acquire/gain knowledge
기회를 얻다 = to gain/get an opportunity
Examples:
오늘 핸드폰을 사서 많은 사은품을 얻었어요
= I bought a cell phone today and got a lot of free stuff (thrown in)
그 회사원이 승진을 해서 동료들한테 인기를 얻었어요
= That worker’s popularity increased because he got promoted
to become famous (to gain popularity)
인기를 얻다
to gain trust
신임을 얻다
to acquire/gain information
정보를 얻다
to acquire/gain knowledge
지식을 얻다
to gain/get an opportunity
기회를 얻다
to get pregnant
Verb
임신하다
Common Usages:
임신 중절 수술 = an abortion
임신시키다 = to get a person pregnant
임신한 지 얼마나 됐어요? = How long have you been pregnant for?
Examples:
20대 후반이 되면 많은 사람들이 임신을 해요 = Many people in their late 20s get pregnant
슬기가 임신해서 회사에 오는 것이 힘들겠어요 = It must be difficult for Seulgi to come to the office because she is pregnant
pregnancy
Noun
임신
an abortion
임신 중절 수술
to get a person pregnant
임신시키다
How long have you been pregnant for?
임신한 지 얼마나 됐어요?
to be seen
Passive Verb
보이다
Common Usages:
안 보이다 = to not be able to see
보여주다 = to show
Notes: The word 보이다 is the passive form of 보다 and is used to indicate that something can or cannot be seen. For example:
TV가 안 보여 = I can’t see the TV
저는 소방서가 보여요 = I can see the fire station
입장료가 얼마인지 안 보여요 = I can’t see how much the admission cost is
나는 여기서 산이 안 보여 = I can’t see the mountains from here
초등학교가 보여요? = Can you see the elementary school?
가격표가 안 보여요 = I can’t see the price tags
흡연 구역이 안 보여요 = I can’t see the smoking area
공기가 맑은 곳에서는 많은 별이 보여요 = You can see a lot of stars where the air is clear
By placing 같이 (which is the adverb form of the word 같다) after a noun and predicating the whole sentence with 보이다, you can indicate that something looks like something. For example:
너는 원숭이 같이 보여 = You look like a monkey
저의 남자친구는 교수님 같이 보여요 = My boyfriend looks like the professor
너는 고등학생 **같이 보여 **= You look like a high school student
저의 여자친구는 연예인 같이 보여요 = My girlfriend looks like a celebrity
~아/어 보이다 can be added to adjectives to indicate that something “looks like” an adjective:
저는 그 사람보다 더 똑똑해 보여요 = I look smarter than that person
왜 그렇게 행복해 보여요? = Why do you look so happy
다른 사람들이 그 남자가 잘생기지 않다고 하지만 저한테는 왠지 잘생겨 보여요
Other people say that man isn’t handsome, but to me he looks handsome for some reason
그 여자가 오늘 화장을 하지 않아서 아주 달라 보여요
= That girl looks very different today because she didn’t do her makeup
to not be able to see
안 보이다
to show
보여주다
To indicate A looks like B
~같이 보이다
to be heard
Passive Verb
들리다
Common Usages:
환청이 들리다 = to hear things (hallucinations)
Notes: The word 들리다 is the passive form of 듣다 and is used to indicate that something can or cannot be heard.
소리가 안 들려요 = I can’t hear the sound
저는 소리가 안 들려요 = I can’t hear anything
나는 네 목소리가 안 들려 = I can’t hear your voice
첫차가 출발하는 소리가 들렸어요 = I heard the sound of the first car/bus departing
뭔가 터지는 소리가 들렸어요 = I heard something explode
목소리가 잘 들려 = I hear you (your voice) well
to hear things (hallucinations)
환청이 들리다
to be salty
짜다
Notes: In Korea, they use this word to refer to anything that has been over-spiced, which is, in effect putting too much salt in something.
Common Usages:
짜게 먹다 = to eat something salty
Examples:
한국 음식은 대체적으로 짜요 = Korean food is generally salty
우리가 너무 짜게 먹었어요 = We ate too salty (this would never be said in English, but Korean people say this often after they ate a meal that was overly spiced/salted)
to eat something salty
짜게 먹다
우리가 너무 짜게 먹었어요 = We ate too salty (this would never be said in English, but Korean people say this often after they ate a meal that was overly spiced/salted)
