Lesson 3: Types of Tissue

Question 1

Tissue that covers the exterior surfaces of the body, acts as a lining of internal cavities and passageways, and also forms certain glands

Answer 1

Epithelial Tissue

Question 2

Tissue that binds the cells and the organs together and protects, supports, and integrates all parts of the body

Answer 2

Connective Tissue

Question 3

Tissue that responds to stimulation and aids movement

Answer 3

Muscle Tissue

Question 4

Tissue that allows the transmission of electrochemical signals or nerve impulses that help different parts of the body to communicate with each other

Answer 4

Nervous Tissue

Question 5

Epithelial Tissues

Answer 5

Highly cellular, with little to no extracellular material, adjoining cells form a cell junction between cell membranes, avascular, diffusion or absorption for nutrients, rapidly replacing damaged or dead cells

Question 6

Simple Squamous Epithelium Location

Answer 6

Air sacs of lungs and the lining of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels

Question 7

Simple Squamous Epithelium Function

Answer 7

Allows materials to pass through by diffusion and filtration and secretes lubricating substance

Question 8

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Location

Answer 8

In ducts and secretory portions of small glands and in kidney tubules

Question 9

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Function

Answer 9

Secretes and absorbs

Question 10

Simple Columnar Epithelium Location

Answer 10

Ciliated tissues are in bronchi, uterine tubes, and uterus; smooth (nonciliated tissues) are in the digestive tract, bladder

Question 11

Simple Columnar Epithelium Function

Answer 11

Absorbs; it also secretes mucous and enzymes

Question 12

Psuedostratified Columnar Epithelium Location

Answer 12

Ciliated tissue lines the trachea and much of the upper respiratory tract

Question 13

Psuedo-stratified Columnar Epithelium Function

Answer 13

Secretes mucus; ciliated tissue moves mucus

Question 14

Stratified Squamous Epithelium Location

Answer 14

Lines the esophagus, mouth, and vagina

Question 15

Stratified Squamous Epithelium Function

Answer 15

Protects against abrasion

Question 16

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium Location

Answer 16

Sweat glands, salivary glands, and the mammary glands

Question 17

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium Function

Answer 17

Protective tissue

Question 18

Stratified Columnar Epithelium Location

Answer 18

The male urethra and the ducts of some glands

Question 19

Stratified Columnar Epithelium Function

Answer 19

Secretes and protects

Question 20

Transitional Epithelium Location

Answer 20

Lines the bladder, urethra, and ureters

Question 21

Transitional Epithelium Function

Answer 21

Allows the urinary organs to expand and stretch

Question 22

A type of connective tissue that supports other tissues and organs of the body

Answer 22

Connective tissue proper

Question 23

Connective tissue in which fibers are loosely organized, leaving large spaces in between

Answer 23

Loose connective tissue

Question 24

Connective tissue that is reinforced by bundles of fibers providing tensile strength, elasticity, and protection

Answer 24

Dense connective tissue

Question 25

Provides structure and strength to the body and protects soft tissues (bones and cartilages)

Answer 25

Supportive connective tissue

Question 26

Specialized cells circulating as a watery fluid (blood and lymph)

Answer 26

Fluid connective tissue

Question 27

Most abundant cell in connective tissue proper. Secrete polysaccharides and proteins and combine with extracellular fluids to produce a viscous ground substance --> mixed with fibrous proteins forms the ECM

Answer 27

Fibroblast

Question 28

Second most common cell type in connective tissue proper. A less active form of fibroblast

Answer 28

Fibrocyte

Question 29

Special cells in the adipose tissue that store lipids as droplets

Answer 29

Adipocytes

Question 30

A type of fiber that is secreted by fibroblasts, which hold connective tissues together

Answer 30

Collagen fiber

Question 31

Type of fiber secreted by fibroblasts, returns to its original shape after being stretched or compressed

Answer 31

Elastic fiber

Question 32

Type of fiber secreted by fibroblasts, most abundant in the reticular tissue of soft organs

Answer 32

Reticular fiber

Question 33

A tissue that consists mostly of fat cells

Answer 33

Adipose tissue

Question 34

Cartilage cells that are embedded within the cartilage matrix

Answer 34

Chondrocytes

Question 35

Space occupied by the chondrocytes

Answer 35

Lacunae

Question 36

Most common type of cartilage, consists of short and dispersed collagen fibers

Answer 36

Hyaline Cartilage

Question 37

Tough cartilage with thick bundles of collagen fibers dispersed through its matrix

Answer 37

Fibrocartilage

Question 38

Contains elastic fibers as well as collagen and proteoglycans

Answer 38

Elastic cartilage

Question 39

Skeletal Muscle Tissue Histology

Answer 39

Long cylindrical fiber, striated, many peripherally located nuclei

Question 40

Skeletal Muscle Tissue Function

Answer 40

Voluntary movement that produces heat, protects organs

Question 41

Skeletal Muscle Tissue Location

Answer 41

Attached to bones and around entrance points to the body (e.g., mouth, anus

Question 42

Cardiac Muscle Tissue Histology

Answer 42

Short, branched, striated, single central nucleus

Question 43

Cardiac Muscle Tissue Function

Answer 43

Contracts to pump blood

Question 44

Cardiac Muscle Tissue Location

Answer 44

Heart

Question 45

Smooth Muscle Tissue Histology

Answer 45

Short, spindle-shaped, no evident striation, single nucleus in each fiber

Question 46

Smooth Muscle Tissue Function

Answer 46

Involuntary movement, moves food, involuntary control of respiration, moves secretions, regulates flow of blood in arteries by contraction

Question 47

Smooth Muscle Tissue Location

Answer 47

Walls of major organs and passageways

Question 48

A type of nerve cell that conveys messages or signals between the different areas of the brain and between the brain and the other parts of the nervous system

Answer 48

Neuron

Question 49

A type of cell of nervous tissue, and modulating supporting neurons in their information propagation

Answer 49

Neuroglia

Question 50

Part of a neuron that includes most of the cytoplasm, the organelles, and the nucleus

Answer 50

Cell body

Question 51

Part of neurons that branch off the cell body and appear as thin extensions

Answer 51

Dendrites

Question 52

Tail-like structure that extends from the neuron body

Answer 52

Axon

Question 53

iInsulating layer or neurons formed by accessory cells

Answer 53

Myelin

Question 54

Stimuli that propagate from the neuron down the axon

Answer 54

Action potential

Question 55

The gap between nerve cells or between a nerve cell and its target cell

Answer 55

Synapse

Question 56

Abundant neural cells in the central nervous system, having multiple functions (ex. regulation of ion concentration, uptake or breakdown of some neurotransmitters, formation of the blood-brain barrier)

Answer 56

Astrocyte

Question 57

Are related to macrophages and protect the nervous system against infection

Answer 57

Microglia

Question 58

Neural cells that produce myelin in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)

Answer 58

Oligodendrocyte

Question 59

Neural cells that produce myelin in the peripheral nervous system

Answer 59

Schwann cells