Lesson 3- Kidneys and Homeostasis

Question 1

maintain [water] in body

Answer 1

osmoreceptors on the hypothalumus in the brain sense a decrease of water intake and signals the pituitary gland (integrator) to release adh (effector) and this increases reabsorption in distal tubes and collecting ducts

Question 2

adh interferences

Answer 2

alcohol inhibits production of adh and caffeine prevents attachment of adh to collecting ducts

Question 3

reacting to low blood pressure

Answer 3

baroreceptors in arteries near glomerulus sense a drop in pressure and signals to release renin (pr- enzyme) into blood which will convert inactive angiotensinogen to active (pr- enzyme produced in liver), angiotensin constricts blood vessels triggers thirst and signals adrenal glands (integrator) to release aldosterone (effector), and this increases na reabsorption in distal tubes and collecting ducts which increases water intake and therefore more fluid in blood, so more pressure

Question 4

high salt diet

Answer 4

more salt means more to dilute, and more water intake to bloodstream. this increases blood volume so higher pressure will result