LESSON 3 Flashcards
Self from the Perspective of Anthropology
“anthropos” and “logos” meaning
study of humans
scientific study of humans, human behavior, and societies in the past and present
Anthropology
What are the 4 branches of Anthropology?
- Archaeology
- Biological Anthropology
- Linguistic Anthropology
- Cultural Anthropology
The study of the ancient and recent human past through material remains
Archaeology
__________________ consist of
artifacts. architecture, biofacts, and cultural landscapes
Archeological records
Archeologists’ focus on studying the past and how it contributed to the present
Archaeology
most important
aspect of human nature
Survival
Bones from the past
Biofacts
Materials from the past
Artifacts
Physical anthropology
Biological Anthropology
Concerned with the biological and behavioral aspects of human beings
Biological Anthropology
focus primarily on human adaptability and evolution
Biological Anthropology
What are the two areas under Biological Anthropology?
- Primatology
- Paleopathology
Study of non-human primate
behavior, morphology and genetics
Primatology
use _______ ________ to infer which traits human
share with other primates and
which are human-specific
adaptations
phylogenetic method
Study of diseases in ancient
organisms and how these diseases evolve
Paleopathology
“Biological Anthropologists have shown that while humans do vary in their biological characteristics, and behavior, they are more similar to one another than different”
Paleopathology (humans share the same vulnerability to diseases)
Studies the role of language in the social live of individuals and
communities
Linguistic Anthropology
a system of
communication used by a
particular country or community
Language
study how language and models of communication change over time
Linguistic Anthropology
Universal Language
English
Other forms of Language have
evolved which represent _________ of a particular group
subculture
Study of contemporary human
cultures and how these cultures are formed and shape the world around them
Cultural Anthropology
a way of life of a group,
that are passed along by
communication and imitation
from one generation to the next
Culture
A belief that the culture in which we are raised determines who we are at emotional and behavioral levels
Theory of Cultural Determinism
A person’s beliefs, values, and
practices should be understood
based on that person’s own culture rather than be judged against the criteria of another
Cultural Relativism
Cultural determinism suggests that we are ___________ to have the kind of life we prefer but it may also mean that we have no control over what we learn
shaped/formed
Culture may manifest itself in people in the following ways:
symbols, heroes, rituals, virtues
It pertains to words, gestures,
pictures, or objects that may have a recognized/accepted meaning in a particular culture
symbols
cross, rings, colors, national
symbols like eagle and
sampaguita
symbols
Persons from the past or present who have characteristics that are
importance in a culture
heroes
National Heroes, Marvel Heroes, DC Heroes
heroes
Activities (religious or social)
participated in by a group of people for the fulfilment of desired objectives and are considered to be socially essential
rituals
weddings, baptisms, birthdays.
graduations, reunions
rituals
Considered to be the core of every culture, which involve human tendencies/preferences towards good or bad and right or wrong
values
respect for elders, hospitality,
utang-na-loob, pakikisama, hiya
values
remains of buildings, structures
architecture
how people have modified their surroundings through agriculture, settlement patterns, road networks, and urban planning
cultural landscapes
