Lesson 3 Flashcards
Interconnected network of thousands of networks and millions of computers.
INTERNET
One of the Internet’s most popular services. Provides access to billions, possibly trillions, of Web Pages
WORLD WIDE WEB
The Evolution of the Internet (3)
- Innovation Phase 1964-1974
- Institutionalization Phase 1975-1995
- Commercialization Phase 1995-Present
Large institutions provide funding and legitimization
Institutionalization Phase 1975-1995
Private corporations take over, expand internet backbone and local service.
Commercialization Phase 1995-Present
Creation of fundamental building blocks
Innovation Phase 1964-1974
Slices digital messages into packets. Sends packets along different communication paths as they become available.
Packet Switching
Establishes connections among sending and receiving Web computers.
Handles assembly of packets.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Provides the Internet’s addressing scheme
Internet Protocol (IP)
The Four TCP/ IP layers
- Network Interface Layer
- Internet Layer
- Transport Layer
- Application Layer
32-bit number. Four sets of number marked off by periods.
IPv4
128-bit addresses, able to handle up to 1 quadrillion addresses.
IPv6
IP address expressed in natural language.
DOMAIN NAME
Allows numeric IP addresses to be expressed in natural language.
DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM (DNS)
Address used by Web browser to identify location of content on the web.
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
High-bandwidth fiber-optic cable networks. Private networks owned by a variety of NSP’s
Backbone
Hubs where backbones intersect with regional and local networks, and backbone owners connect with one another.
IXPs (Internet Exchange Point)
LANs operating within a single organization that leases Internet access directly from regional or national carrier.
CANs
Provide lowest level of service to individuals, small businesses, some institutions.
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
Types of Service(2)
- Narrowband
- Broadband
TCP/ IP network located within a single organization for communications and processing.
Intranet
Formed when firms permit outsiders to access their internal TCP/ IP networks.
Extranet
ICANN stands for…?
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
IAB stands for…?
Internet Architecture Board
IESG stands for…?
Internet Engineering Steering Group
IETF stands for…?
Internet Engineering Task Force
ISOC stands for…?
Internet Society
W3C stands for…?
World Wide Web Consortium
ITU stands for…?
International Telecommunications Union
Proposed by NSF to develop new core functionality for Internet
GENI Initiative
High-speed, fixed broadband wireless LAN. Different versions for home and business market. Limited range.
Wi-Fi
High-speed, medium range broadband wireless metropolitan area network
WiMax
Low speed, short range connection
Bluetooth
Low power, short-range high bandwidth network
Ultra-Wideband (UWB)
Short range, low power wireless network technology for remotely controlling digital services.
Zigbee
Wireless Internet Access Network Technologies (5)
- Wi-Fi
- WiMax
- Bluetooth
- Ultra-Wideband
- Zigbee
1989-1991, what event?
Web Invented
1993, what event?
Mosaic Web Browser w/ GUI
1994, what happened?
Netscape Navigator, first commercial Web browser
1995, what happened?
Microsoft Internet Explorer
HTTP stands for…?
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Text formatted with emebedded links
Hypertext
Fixed set of pre-defined markup “tags” used to format text. Controls look and feel of Web pages.
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
Designed to describe data and information. Tags used are defined by user.
eXtensible Markup Language (XML)
Enables a computer to deliver Web pages to clients on a network that requests this service by sending an HTTP request.
Web Server Software
Web server software or physical server
Web Server
Any computing device attached to the Internet that is capable of making HTTP requests and displaying HTML pages.
Web Client
Features on which the foundations of E-commerce are built (6)
- Instant messaging
- Search Engines
- Online forums and chat
- Streaming media
- Cookies
Most used application of the internet. Uses series of protocols for transferring messages with texts and attachments.
Display words typed on a computer almost instantly, and recipients can respond immediately in the same way.
Instant Messaging
Identify web pages that match queries based on one or more techniques
Search Engines
Similiar to Instant messaging, but for multiple users.
Online chat
Also know as a message board or bulletin board. Web application that enables Internet users to communicate with each other, although not in real time.
Online Forum
Enables music, video, and other large files to be sent to users. Allows users to begin playing media files before file is fully downloaded.
Streaming Media
Small text files deposited by Web site on user’s computer to store information about user, accessed when user next visits Web site.
Cookies
Web 2.0 Features and Services (10)
- Online Social Networks
- Blogs
- Really Simple Syndication (RSS)
- Podcasting
- Wikis
- Music and Video Services
- Internet Telephony
- Internet Television
- Video conferencing and telepresence
- Online software and Web services
Services that support communication among networks of friends, and peers.
Online Social Networks
Personal web page of chronological entries.
Blogs
Program that allows users to have digital content automatically sent to their computers over the internet.
Really Simple Syndication (RSS)
Audio presentation stored as an audio file and available for download from Web.
Podcasting
Allows user to easily add and edit content on Web page
Wikis
online video viewing and digital video on demand.
Music and video services
Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP) uses Internet to transmit voice communication.
Internet Telephony
Software that interacts with the user through voice commands.
Internet Personal Assistants
