Lesson 3

Question 1

Quantitative Sampling

Answer 1

• Goal: to generalize the population

- Uses large, random samples

Question 2

Qualitative Sampling

Answer 2

• Goal: to generate a deeper understanding
• Uses smaller, purposeful samples
• Data saturation

Question 3

Data Saturation

Answer 3

= the point in the research process when no new information is discovered in data analysis

Question 4

Probability Sampling

Answer 4

• Involved selecting random samples of subjects from a given population
• Each member of the population has an equal chance to be selected to be part of the sample

Question 5

Probability Sampling Methods (4)

Answer 5

• Random Sampling
• Stratified Sampling
• Cluster Sampling
• Stage Sampling

Question 6

Random Sampling

Answer 6

• Completely random sample of the population

- Used when believed that the population is relatively homogeneous

Question 7

Systematic Sampling

Answer 7

• Every Kth element of a sampling frame is chosen for the sample
• K is the sampling interval, with the first element being chosen

Question 8

Stratified Sampling

Answer 8

• Modification of simple random sampling and systematic sampling
• Taking a random sample from various strata

Question 9

Strata

Answer 9

= smaller sub-group

Question 10

Cluster Sampling

Answer 10

• Population is separated into clusters to create a sample

- Common is many large-scale surveys

Question 11

Non-probability Sampling (4)

Answer 11

= a sampling technique in which the researcher selects samples based on the subjective judgement of the researcher rather than random selection

• Quota Sampling
• Purpose Sampling
• Snowball Sampling
• Convenience Sampling

Question 12

Quota Sampling

Answer 12

= in which various strata are identified by the researcher who ensures that these strata are proportionately represented within the sample to improve its representatives

Question 13

Purpose Sampling

Answer 13

= strategy in which participants are selected on the basis that they are considered to be typical of a wider population

Question 14

Snowball Sampling

Answer 14

= strategy through which the first group of participants is used to nominate the next cohort of participants

Question 15

Convenience Sampling

Answer 15

= strategy that used the most conveniently accessible people to participate in the study

Question 16

Data Collection Methods (5)

Answer 16

• Questionnaires
• Interviewing
• Observation
• Focus Groups
• Unobtrusive measures

Question 17

Unobtrusive Measures

Answer 17

= a research method of data collection that does not involve direct contact with the research participants

• Interactive measures may lead to bias
• Do not require researcher’s presence

Question 18

Physical Measures (4)

Answer 18

• Natural Accretion Measures
• Controlled Accretion Measures
• Natural Erosion Measures
• Controlled Erosion Measures

Question 19

Natural Accretion Measures

Answer 19

• Accretion takes place where there is a buildup of deposits of materials or evidence
• We are not interested in these materials but are interested in what they reveal about human behavior

Question 20

Controlled Accretion Measures

Answer 20

• Researcher tampers with the materials that are concerned to accretion comparison

Question 21

Accretion

Answer 21

= growth or increase by the gradual accumulation of additional layers or matters

Question 22

Natural Erosion Measures

Answer 22

Degree of selective wear or deterioration on the material being studied

Question 23

Controlled Erosion Measures

Answer 23

It is possible to manipulate the extent to which something wears out against some other experimental variable