Lesson 25a Anphibians (Chordates p2) Flashcards
What is class Amphibia?
The Amphibians
Amphi meaning “both sides” + bia meaning “life” sooooo BOTH SIDES OF LIFE! because they spend part of their life in the water and part on land
What 3 orders are in class Amphibia?
- Order Urodela: meaning “tailed ones,” including salamanders and newts
- Order Anura: meaning “tailless ones,” including frogs and toads
- Order Apoda: meaning “legless ones”
Tell me about order Urodela…
file:///C:/Users/trgan/Sync/LisA%20school/Urodela%20pic.png
Urodela, meaning “tailed ones,” including salamanders and newts (not lizards)
a) Webbed feet
b) Most respiration occurs through the skin
c) 4 limbs and a tail
d) Many have glands in their skin to release a chemical to ward off predators
Tell me about order Anura…
file:///C:/Users/trgan/Sync/LisA%20school/Anura%20pic.png
Anura… meaning “tailless ones,” including frogs and toads
a) Body plan is specialized for movement and their hind legs are used for jumping while on land
b) Head and trunk are fused together
c) Skin helps to camouflage them from predators
d) Many have glands in their skin to release a chemical to ward off predators
What are the differences between toads and frogs?
(1) Frogs have smooth, shiny skin that easily dries out
(2) Frogs spend most of their time in the water
(3) Toads have dry, bumpy skin
(4) Toads only return to water to reproduce
Tell me about order Apoda…
file:///C:/Users/trgan/Sync/LisA%20school/Urodela%20pic.png
Apoda: meaning “legless ones”
a) Smallest order, only 185 species
b) Found primarily in tropical areas of Africa and Asia
c) No legs
d) Nearly blind
What are 8 characteristics of amphibians?
- Vertebrates with a backbone
- Endoskeleton made mostly of bone, giving shape and support to their bodies
- Tetrapods with webbed feet (except caecilians which do not have limbs)
- Young amphibians are herbivores, and only feed on plants.
- Adult amphibians are carnivores, and eat other animals.
- Typically have a sticky tongue to aid in feeding
- Ectothermic
a) During times of extreme heat, these animals often burrow in mud to keep cool.
b) During cooler temperatures, body systems slow down and they hibernate. - Cloacal opening: opening through which undigested waste, urine, egg, and sperm cells pass out of the amphibian’s body
Explain Amphibians respiratory system…
a) In the larval stage, respiration happens through the gills.
b) In adults, gills are replaced with underdeveloped lungs.
c) Most air exchange in adult amphibians occurs via cutaneous respiration through their thin, smooth, permeable skin.
THEY HAVE TO STAY MOIST TO BREATH…I think…I’m 90% certain
Explain an Amphibian’s circulatory system…
a) Three-chambered heart with two atria and one ventricle
(1) One atria receives freshly oxygenated blood from the lungs and skin.
(2) The other atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the veins.
(3) The blood then moves through the ventricle and is pumped out into the body.
file:///C:/Users/trgan/Sync/LisA%20school/A%20Anphibians%20heart%20explained.mp4
Explain an Amphibian’s nervous system…
a) Central nervous system: brain and spinal cord enclosed and protected by the skull and vertebrae
b) Peripheral nervous system: nerves running through the body that arise from the brain and spinal cord
Explain an Anphibian’s life cycle…
a) Life begins in the water.
b) The female lays jelly-encircled eggs, and the male then fertilizes the eggs outside her body.
c) The jelly-like substance absorbs water and swells, making it difficult for predators to eat the eggs.
d) Eggs usually then hatch in 6-9 days.
e) Larvae breathe through external gills.
f) As larvae develop, they grow tails and feed on vegetation.
g) Larvae metamorphosis
(1) External gills are lost, and lungs develop
(2) Tail disappears in most species
(3) 4 limbs develop
(4) Jaws become larger for carnivorous feeding
Lesson 25a Chordates p2 the Amphibians summary…
file:///C:/Users/trgan/Sync/LisA%20school/Lesson%2025a%20Phylum%20Chordata%20PII%20video%20summary.mp4
