Lesson 24.1.1 - Endocrine Glands

Question 1

The _____________ consists of glands that are capable of producing and secreting hormones.

Answer 1

endocrine system

Question 2

A _________ is a chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs.

Answer 2

hormone

Question 3

____________ are ductless glands that release hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Answer 3

Endocrine glands

Question 4

Main endocrine glands:

Answer 4

Pineal gland
Hypothalamus
Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland
Thymus
Adrenal glands
Pancreas
Ovaries
Testes

Question 5

It is a pea-sized mass of tissue located in the epithalamus at the center of the brain, which is in between the brain hemispheres. It releases ________.

Answer 5

Pineal Gland, melatonin

Question 6

This is the control center in maintaining homeostasis. It is important in regulating satiety and body temperature. It also works with the pituitary gland.

Answer 6

Hypothalamus

Question 7

Hypothalamus Hormones

Answer 7

Gonadotropin- releasing hormone (GnRH)
Somatostatin

Question 8

This is located at the base of the brain directly beneath the hypothalamus. It regulates many functions of the endocrine glands. It works with the hypothalamus to command other endocrine glands when to release hormones.

Answer 8

Pituitary Gland

Question 9

The pituitary is divided into two parts:

Answer 9

anterior lobe
posterior lobe

Question 10

Hormones of the anterior lobe (Pituitary Gland): [6]

Answer 10

Growth hormone
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Prolactin
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 11

Hormones of the posterior lobe (Pituitary Gland): [2]

Answer 11

Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)
Oxytocin

Question 12

This is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the lower front part of the neck. It produces the hormone _________.

Answer 12

Thyroid Gland, thyroxine

Question 13

These are two pairs of tiny glands incorporated on the surface of the thyroid gland. They release the hormone ____________.

Answer 13

Parathyroid Gland, parathyroid hormone

Question 14

This is a small gland with two lobes located in the upper anterior of chest. It decreases in size as a person ages. This the only organ for immunity that does not directly attack antigens. It is a site for the maturation of _______.

Answer 14

Thymus, T-cells

Question 15

These are two triangular-shaped glands found above the kidneys. They have two parts:

Answer 15

Adrenal Gland
- Adrenal Cortex (outer)
- Adrenal Medulla (inner)

Question 16

This is an elongated organ located in the abdominal cavity behind the stomach. It has both digestive and hormonal functions. They have two parts:

Answer 16

Pancreas
- exocrine pancreas — secretes digestive enzymes.
- endocrine pancreas — responsible for secreting hormones.

Question 17

These are known as the gonads. They serve as the source of sex hormones:

Answer 17

Reproductive Gland
- testes (male) — located in the scrotum.
- ovaries (female) — located on both sides of the uterus.

Question 18

Release of Hormones to the Bloodstream; Hormone-releasing cells:

Answer 18

Endocrine cells
- pineal, thyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, reproductive
Neurosecretory cells
-hypothalamus, pituitary

Question 19

Endocrine Cells (in bloodstream)

Answer 19

produce and secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Question 20

Neurosecretory Cells (in bloodstream)

Answer 20

specialized nerve cells that produce and secrete hormones into the bloodstream.