Lessom 23.3 - Adaptive Immune Response

Question 1

A highly specific mechanism of the immune system that recognizes a particular pathogen. Uses cell-surface receptors.

Answer 1

Adaptive Immune System or Adaptive Immunity

Question 2

Recognition mechanisms of innate immunity

Answer 2

Rapid response (hours)
Fixed
Limited number of specificities
Constant during response

Question 3

Recognition mechanisms of adaptive immunity

Answer 3

Slow response (days to weeks)
Variable
Numerous highly selective specificities
Improve during reponse

Question 4

Both innate and adaptive immunity have…

Answer 4

common effector mechanism for the destruction of pathogens

Question 5

Cells of the Adaptive Immune System

Answer 5

T cells
B cells

Question 6

Are involved with:
- Activation of phagocytic cells
- Release of chemicals and antigen-specific cells

Answer 6

T cells

Question 7

Are are involved in:
- Steps that deal with the release of antibodies

Answer 7

B cells

Question 8

Development of B-cells and T-cells

Answer 8

1. Origin- originated from red bone marrow
2. Maturation - T cells to-be are migrated from the marrow to the thymus where they mature, while b cells mature in the bone marrow
3. Seeding secondary lymphoid and circulation
4. Antigen encounter and activation
5. Proliferation and differentiation

Question 9

Steps of the Adaptive Immune Response: Lymphocytes with receptors that can recognize infecting pathogen are selected to participate

Answer 9

Recognition of the infectious pathogen

Question 10

Steps of the Adaptive Immune Response: T-cells and B-cells are selected based on ________ and ________ selections

Answer 10

Selection of pathogen-specific lymphocytes
- positive
- negative

Question 11

Steps of the Adaptive Immune Response: Adaptive immune response can be felt mostly a week after the infection started.

Answer 11

Effector Mechanism

Question 12

Steps of the Adaptive Immune Response

Answer 12

1. Recognition of the infectious pathogen
2. Selection of pathogen-specific lymphocytes
3. Effector mechanism

Question 13

An Example of an Adaptive Immune Response is __________ virus causes an infection in the ___________. Symptoms can be felt for 3-4 days after infection and will continue to persist for 5-7 days

Answer 13

Influenza
lower respiratory tract

Question 14

_______________ refers to the body’s ability to quickly recognize and act against an antigen as a response to previous exposure

Answer 14

Immunological memory

Question 15

____________ is a type of adaptive immunity that provides an immunological memory

Answer 15

Acquired immunity

Question 16

The cells involved in immunological memory are _____________ and ______________.

Answer 16

memory T-cells, memory B-cells