Lesson 2.1: Three Domains of Life Flashcards

1
Q

Define domain

A

Highest taxonomic rank

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2
Q

What are the three domains of life?

A

Bacteria
Eukarya
Archaea

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3
Q

Who are the three scientists who introduced these three domains

A

Carl Woese
Otto Kandler
Mark Wheelis

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4
Q

A. American biophysicist and microbiologist
B. he defined ________ in ______
C. using what technique?
D. Explain his major discovery

A

A. Carl Woes
B. archaea in 1977
C. 16s rRNA phylogenetic taxonomy
D. genetics and molecular difference of archaea and bacteria

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5
Q

A. German botanist and microbiologist
B. his field studies _____
C. he observed
D. his conclusion

A

A. Otto Kandler
B. cell walls
C. difference of the cell wall of archaea and bacteria
D. archaea represents an autonomous group

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6
Q

A. American biologist
B. he collaborated on a book entitled
C. what are the points from the book

A

A. Mark Wheelis
B. “Towards a natural system of organisms”
C. change from two empire system to three, highlighting that archaea is an autonomous group

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7
Q

The most ancient forms of life

A

Prokaryotes

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8
Q

Describe the structure of a prokaryotes

A

-Small, simple in structure and lack nuclues

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9
Q

A. _______ evolved billion of years after prokaryotes
B. They are _________ with many internal parts including a _______
C. Includes ____, _______, ________, and ______.

A

A. Eukaryotes
B. larger and more complex, nucleus
C. protists, fungi, plants and animals

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10
Q

FEATURES OF BACTERIA, ARACHEA, AND EUKARYA

A

Plasma membrane
Ribosome
Cytoplasm
Genetic material (DNA)

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11
Q

Cell type

A

Bacteria: Prokaryotic
Archaea: Prokaryotic
Eukarya: Eukaryotic

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12
Q

Nucleus

A

Bacteria: Absent
Archaea: Absent
Eukarya: Present

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13
Q

Membrane Chemistry

A

Bacteria: Fatty acids
Archaea: Nonfatty acids
Eukarya: Fatty acids

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14
Q

Membrane bounded organelles

A

Bacteria: Absent
Archaea: Absent
Eukarya: Present

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15
Q

Typical cell size

A

Bacteria: 1-10 um
Archaea: 1-10 um
Eukarya: 10-100 um

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16
Q

bacterial cell are a)_____ as they lack b)______
while animal cell are c)___ as they have many d)_____

A

a) prokaryotic
b) membrane-bounded organelles
c) eukaryotic
d) different membrane-bounded organelles

17
Q

Plant cells are also a) _______
they have the same membrane bounded organelles but has b)

A

a) eukaryotic
b) large central vacuole, cell wall, and chloroplast

18
Q
A