Lesson 2.1 : Carbohydrates

Question 1

Two monosaccharides differ from each other in their configuration around a specific carbon

Answer 1

Epimerism

Question 2

Isomers obtained from the change of position of hydroxyl group attached to the anomeric carbon.

Answer 2

Anomerism

Question 3

the change in the specific optical rotation by the interconversion of a&b forms of D-glucose to an equilibrium mixture.

Answer 3

MUTAROTATION

Question 4

it is the simplest carbohydrate

Answer 4

Monosaccharide

Question 5

How many carbon atoms does Monosaccharide consist

Answer 5

3-6 carbon atoms

Question 6

how many monosaccharides does the following consist:

Disaccharide
Oligosaccharide
Polysaccharide

Answer 6

di : two monosaccharide
oligo : two to ten
poly : ten and above

Question 7

Can only manifest that it is amonosaccharide

Answer 7

EPIMERISM

Question 8

If two monosaccharides differ from each other in their configuration around a single specific carbon atom(other than anomeric).

Answer 8

EPIMERISM

Question 9

the change in the specific optical rotation by the interconversion of a & b forms of D-glucose to an equilibrium mixture.

Answer 9

MUTAROTATION

Question 10

an aldotetrose with many hydroxyl (-OH) group

Answer 10

Erythrose

Question 11

has many hydroxyl (-OH) groups

Answer 11

Ketose

Question 12

the chemical formula of aldohexose

Answer 12

C6H12O6

Question 13

glucose has a normal blood level of

Answer 13

70-90 mg/dL

Question 14

measures blood glucose for several hours after ingesting glucose

Answer 14

glucose tolerance test

Question 15

done for blood gas monitoring and random blood glucose

Answer 15

capillary blood glucose

Question 16

what does the term “hypoglycemia” mean

Answer 16

low glucose level

Question 17

high glucose level

Answer 17

hyperglycemia

Question 18

found in fruits, corn syrup, and honey

Answer 18

D-Glucose

Question 19

is the sweetest carbohydrate

Answer 19

D-Fructose

Question 20

converts to glucose in the body

Answer 20

D-Fructose

Question 21

is not found in nature

Answer 21

D-Galactose

Question 22

obtained from lactose

Answer 22

D-Galactose

Question 23

Used in metabolism and information of carbohydrates

Answer 23

D-Galactose

Question 24

Characteristics of D-Galactose

Answer 24

○ obtained from lactose
○ a similar structure to glucose except for the (-OH) on C4
○ Used in metabolism and information of carbohydrates

Question 25

Characteristics of D-Fructose

Answer 25

■ found in fruit juice sand honey
■ converts to glucose in the body

Question 26

Who developed the FISCHER PROJECTION

Answer 26

Hermann Emil Fischer (German)

Question 27

Characteristics of Fisher Projection

Answer 27

● places the most oxidized group at the top
● shows chiral carbons as the intersection of vertical and horizontal lines
● the straight-chain structural formula

Question 28

Who developed the HAWORTH PROJECTION

Answer 28

Walter Norman Haworth

Question 29

HAWORTH PROJECTION

Answer 29

● 2 - dimensional structural annotation that specifies the
3-dimensional structure of a cyclic form of monosaccharide
● prevalent form of monosaccharide
● with 5 or 6 carbon atoms

● pyranoses - 5 carbons
● furanoses - 4 carbons