Lesson 2: Building a Foundation with Mindset, Values, and Principles (7-8 questions) Flashcards
What exactly is a ‘mindset?’
A mindset is a mental lens through which we view the world around us. It is how the human brain simplifies, categorizes, and interprets the vast amount of information it receives daily.
We form our mindsets through a lifetime of structured learning (classes, reading) and unstructured lessons (life events, work experience).
What two practices are essential to achieving optimum economic outcomes via Lean-Agile methods?
- Deliver early and often
- Apply an economic framework
Lean-Agile methods deliver value to the Customer much earlier in the development process. This value then accumulates over time, because the earlier and longer the Customer has the product, the more value they receive.
Delivering earlier and more often also allows for faster feedback as the product is incrementally developed, which improves the chances of an on-time release of the final product.
An economic framework is a set of decision-making guidelines that align everyone to the financial objectives of a portfolio, and which inform the continuous decision-making process
Most of the time spent getting to market is a result of what type of problem?
Delays
Reducing delays is the fastest way to reduce time-to-market.
Optimize the full Value Stream
Lean Thinking can be summarized with 5 principles. What are they?
► Precisely specify value by product
► Identify the Value Stream for each product
► Make value flow without interruptions
► Let the Customer pull value from the producer
► Pursue perfection
SAFe’s economic framework contains what four primary elements?
- Operating within lean budgets and guardrails
- Understanding solution economic trade-offs
- Leveraging suppliers
- Sequencing jobs for the maximum benefit (WSJF)
SW 2-30 Picture of interacting boxes
What are the 3 aspects of System Thinking?
- The solution itself is a system
- The enterprise building the system is a system too.
- Understand and optimize the full value stream.
What is Agile Principle #1
Take an economic view
The entire chain of leadership, management, and knowledge workers must understand the economic impact of their choices.
Everyday decisions must be made in a proper economic context. This includes the strategy for incremental value delivery and the broader economic framework for each value stream.
This framework highlights the trade-offs between risk, Cost of Delay (CoD), manufacturing, operational, and development costs.
What is Agile Principle #2?
Apply System Thinking
Understanding the elements of systems thinking helps leaders and teams recognize the ‘why’ and ‘what’ of their actions, as well as their impact on those around them.
Optimizing a component does not optimize the system. To improve, everyone must understand the larger aim of the system
Systems thinking takes a holistic approach to solution development, incorporating all aspects of a system and its environment into the system’s design, development, deployment, and maintenance.
What is Agile Principle #3?
Assume variability; preserve options
Set-based design is one way to manage variability and preserve options. Set-based design allows you to assume variability and preserve options by keeping design options open for as long as possible, converging as necessary and producing more optimal technical and economic outcomes.
Maintain multiple requirements and design options for a longer period in the development cycle. Empirical data is then used to narrow the focus, resulting in a design that creates optimum economic outcomes.
What is Agile Principle #4?
Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles
Integration points create knowledge from uncertainty.
Fast feedback accelerates knowledge.
The shorter the cycles, the faster the learning.
What is Agile Principle #5?
Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems
The sequential, phase-gate development model was designed to meet this challenge, but experience shows that it does not mitigate risk as intended. In Lean-Agile development, integration points provide objective milestones at which to evaluate the solution throughout the development life cycle.
The system is built in increments, each of which is an integration point. Each integration point demonstrates evidence of the feasibility of the solution under development. Unlike phase-gated development, every milestone involves a portion of each step—requirements, design, development, testing—producing a full increment of value
What is Agile Principle #6?
Make value flow without interruptions.
Reduce batch sizes for higher predictablity.
High utilization increases variability.
What is Principle #7?
Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning
Cadence creates predictability and provides a rhythm for development. Synchronization causes multiple perspectives to be understood, resolved and integrated at the same time.
Applying development cadence and synchronization, coupled with periodic cross-domain planning, provides the mechanisms needed to operate effectively in the presence of inherent development uncertainty.
What is Principle #8?
Unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers
What is Principle #9?
Decentralize Decision-Making
Achieving fast value delivery requires decentralized decision-making. This reduces delays, improves product development flow, enables faster feedback, and creates more innovative solutions designed by those closest to the local knowledge.
What is Principle #10?
Organize around value
What are the eight (flow) properties to examine that can accelerate flow?
- Visualize and limit WIP
- Eliminate bottlenecks
- Minimize handoffs and dependencies
- Get faster feedback
- Work in smaller batches
- Reduce queue length- the longer the queue of committed work, the longer the wait time for new features.
- Optimize ‘time in the zone’—give workers time and space without interruption to increase the efficiency of moving work items through the system.
- Remediate legacy policies and practices - Constantly review policies and practices that inhibit flow to evaluate if they are still necessary in the current context.
What are the six different Flow Metrics?
Hint: DVT LEP (Def Leppard)
Flow Distribution
Flow Velocity
Flow Times
Flow Load
Flow Efficiency
Flow Predictability
Measures the number of work items by type in a specific Value Stream is an example of what flow Metric?
Flow Distribution