Lesson 2

Question 1

focus on the psychological drives and forces within individuals that explain human behavior and personality.

Answer 1

Psychodynamic theories

Question 2

focused on the unconscious mind as the source of psychological distress and dysfunction.

Answer 2

Psychoanalysis

Question 3

contains all those drives, urges, or instincts that are beyond our awareness but that nevertheless motivate most of our words, feelings, and actions (dreams, slips of the tongue, repression).

Answer 3

Unconscious

Question 4

a portion of our unconscious originates from the experiences of our early ancestors that have been passed on to us through hundreds of generations of repetition.

Answer 4

Phylogenetic Endowment

Question 5

contains all those elements that are not conscious but can become conscious either quite readily or with some difficulty.

Answer 5

Preconscious

Question 6

Under the preconscious are the:

Answer 6

Recent/Accesible Memories
Subliminal/Latent thought

Question 7

mental elements in awareness at any given point in time. It is the only level of mental life directly available to us.

Answer 7

Conscious

Question 8

core of personality and completely unconscious. Pleasure principle.

Answer 8

Id (das es or it)

Question 9

contact with reality. Reality principle, decision making/executive branch of personality. Partly conscious and unconscious, thus, it operates in each mental level.

Answer 9

Ego (Das Ich or I)

Question 10

represents the moral and ideal aspects of personality and is guided by the moralistic and idealistic principles.

Answer 10

Superego (das uber ich or over I)

Question 11

Pleasure seeking person is when?

Answer 11

Dominated by ID

Question 12

A person is guilt driven or have an inferior feeling when?

Answer 12

Dominated by Superego

Question 13

A psychological healthy person is when they are?

Answer 13

Dominated by Ego

Question 14

Translate as an instinct but accurately it is drives or impulse

Answer 14

Drive (Triebs)

Question 15

Under the superego are:

Answer 15

Conscience: punishment
Ego-ideal: reward

Question 16

Sex drive or libido

Answer 16

Sex/ Eros

Question 17

Destructive/ Thanatos

Answer 17

Aggression

Question 18

To return the organism to its inorganic state (death hence self destruction)

Answer 18

Aggression

Question 19

Teasing, sarcasm, humor, gossiping

Answer 19

Aggression

Question 20

War, atrocities, religious persecution

Answer 20

Aggression

Question 21

It is felt, affective, and unpleasant feeling, accompanied by physical sensation that warns the person of impending danger.

Answer 21

Anxiety

Question 22

Apprehension about an unknown danger that originates from the ID. Accompanied by the fear of punishment.

Answer 22

Neurotic Anxiety

Question 23

Stems from the conflict of Ego and Superego

Answer 23

Moral Anxiety

Question 24

Closely related to fear

Answer 24

Realistic Anxiety

Question 25

Defined as an unpleasant feeling, nonspecific feeling involving a possible danger.

Answer 25

Realistic Anxiety

Question 26

Ego preserving and self regulating

Answer 26

Realistic Anxiety

Question 27

Psychological strategies or processes that individuals unconsciously employ to protect the selves themselves from unpleasant emotions, thought, and conflicts.

Answer 27

Defense mechanism

Question 28

Normally and universally used, when carried out to an extreme the lead to—

Answer 28

Compulsive, repetitive, and neurotic behavior.

Question 29

Forces threatening feeling into the unconscious

Answer 29

Repression

Question 30

adopting a disguise that is directly opposite its original form.

Answer 30

Reaction formation

Question 31

redirect unacceptable urges onto a variety of people or objects so that the original impulse is disguised or concealed.

Answer 31

Displacement

Question 32

permanent attachment of the libido onto an earlier, more primitive stage of development.

Answer 32

Fixation

Question 33

Once the libido has passed a developmental stage, it may, during times of stress and anxiety, revert back to that earlier stage.

Answer 33

Regression

Question 34

seeing in others unacceptable feelings or tendencies that actually reside in one’s own unconscious.

Answer 34

Projection

Question 35

placing an unwanted impulse onto an external object

Answer 35

Introjection

Question 36

4-5 years after birth. Infants possess a sexual life and go through a pregenital sexual development.

Answer 36

Infantile Period

Question 37

Infants obtain life-sustaining nourishment through the oral cavity, but beyond that, they also gain pleasure through the act of sucking.

Answer 37

Oral phase

Question 38

infants feel no ambivalence toward the pleasurable object and their needs are usually satisfied with a minimum of frustration and anxiety.

Answer 38

Oral-receptive

Question 39

infants respond to others through biting, cooing, closing their mouth, smiling, and crying.

Answer 39

Oral-sadistic

Question 40

development during the second year when the anus emerges as a sexually pleasurable zone.

Answer 40

Anal phase

Question 41

children receive satisfaction by destroying or losing objects.

Answer 41

Early anal

Question 42

they sometimes take a friendly interest toward their feces, an interest that stems from the erotic pleasure of defecating.

Answer 42

Late anal

Question 43

people who continue to receive erotic satisfaction by keeping and possessing objects and by arranging them in an excessively neat and orderly fashion.

Answer 43

Anal Character

Question 44

orderliness, stinginess, obstinacy

Answer 44

Anal triad

Question 45

(3-4 years) the genital ares become the leading erogenous zone.

Answer 45

Phallic phase

Question 46

Infant boy forms an identification with their father, that is, he wants to be his father. Later develops sexual desire for his mother.

Answer 46

Male Oedipus Complex

Question 47

Fear of losing a penis

Answer 47

Castration Anxiety

Question 48

Girls were believed to experience a similar attraction to their father and rivals with her mother.

Answer 48

Female Oedipus Comples (Electra Complex)

Question 49

Where they realize they lack penis

Answer 49

Penis Envy

Question 50

Source of power and the focus of male psychosexual development

Answer 50

Penis

Question 51

(4-5 year until puberty) both boys and girls go through (not always) go through a period of dormant psychosexual development

Answer 51

Latency Period

Question 52

brought about partly by parents’ attempts to punish or discourage sexual activity in their young children.

Answer 52

Latency period

Question 53

If parental suppression is successful, children will repress their sexual drive and direct their psychic energy toward school, friendships, hobbies, and other nonsexual activities.

Answer 53

Latency period

Question 54

Puberty signals a reawakening of the sexual aim and the beginning of the genital period.

Answer 54

Genital period

Question 55

adolescents give up autoeroticism and direct their sexual energy toward another person instead of toward themselves.

Answer 55

Genital Period

Question 56

Reproduction is now possible

Answer 56

Genital period

Question 57

although penis envy may continue to linger in girls, the vagina finally obtains the same status for them that the penis had for them during infancy. Parallel to this, boys now see the female organ as a sought-after object rather than a source of trauma.

Answer 57

Genital period

Question 58

the entire sexual drive takes on a more complete organization.

Answer 58

Genital period

Question 59

attained after a person has passed through the earlier developmental periods in an ideal manner.

Answer 59

Maturity

Question 60

seldom happens, because people have too many opportunities to develop pathological disorders or neurotic predispositions.

Answer 60

Psychological Maturity

Question 61

strong sexual or aggressive feelings, positive or negative, that patients develop toward their analyst during the course of treatment

Answer 61

Free association or transference