Lesson 2

Question 1

went hand-in-hand with the processes of socialization andenculturation.

Answer 1

SOCIAL EVOLUTION

Question 2

Refers to process of whereby organisms undergo various genetic and physical changes that pave the way for biological diversity.

Answer 2

BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION

Question 3

They learned to create various tools and equipment for their daily tasks such as planting crops, domesticating animals, and trade.

Answer 3

TECHNOLOGICAL EVOLUTION

Question 4

They refer this evolution as the mutual interactive evolution of human biology and culture.

Answer 4

BIOCULTURAL EVOLUTION

Question 5

It is interconnected with people’s capacity for language, tool-making, and technological innovation.

Answer 5

CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT

Question 6

It is the lowest stage of development which is exemplified by the nomadic and hunter-gatherer lifestyle.

Answer 6

SAVAGE STAGE

Question 7

It is the middle stage of development where people began learning agricultural techniques and the domestication of animals.

Answer 7

BARBARIC STAGE

Question 8

It is the highest stage of development where people learned writing.

Answer 8

CIVILIZED STAGE

Question 9

For him, individual members within societies engage in a competition for survival whereby the superior ones dominate those who are of the inferior type.

Answer 9

HERBERT SPENCER

Question 10

organisms that are better adapted to their environment are best suited to survive and successfully reproduce.

Answer 10

SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST

Question 11

An individual’s attitudes, beliefs, and ideas are based on the cultural context of his or her society.

Answer 11

CULTURAL RELATIVISM

Question 12

WHAT ARE THE 3 TYPES OF SOCIETAL EVOLUTION

Answer 12

1. BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION
2. TECHNOLOGICAL EVOLUTION
3. BIOCULTURAL EVOLUTION

Question 13

These groups had a simple social structure, and social roles were largely defined by age, sex, and the division of labor.

Answer 13

BAND-LEVEL SOCIETIES

Question 14

This was a more formal organization made up of several bands and groups that were connected through a clan structure or kinship.

Answer 14

TRIBE

Question 15

• He is the leader of the tribe and was a more formal and established leader.
• He also performed other responsibilities such as resolving conflict; overseeing activities such as planting, harvesting, and the movement of
  herds; organizing feasts and celebrations.

Answer 15

HEADMAN

Question 16

• Consisted of tribes united under one leader or chief.
• Within chiefdom, the more complicated interactions among member tribes
  as well as the large populations and territories are further transformed leadership roles and gave the chief more complex responsibilities.

Answer 16

CHIEFDOM

Question 17

• This event introduced significant social, cultural, and political changes in
  the lives of the people of Europe.
• It is were mainly technological in nature

Answer 17

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

Question 18

“Let be” is the principle of nonintervention of government in economic affairs. It is the heart of the doctrine that the economy works best when left alone by government.

Answer 18

LAISSEZ-FAIRE (let alone)

Question 19

It is the highest form of interaction which fulfills the highest need of man which is the self-sufficiency.

Answer 19

POLIS OR CITY-STATE

Question 20

An agreement made by the members of society that defines and influences their interactions, particularly with those in authority.

Answer 20

SOCIAL CONTRACT

Question 21

Is seen as being in a continuous state of conflict as the different classes within society attempt to control the means of production.

Answer 21

SOCIETY

Question 22

French word of office

Answer 22

Bureau

Question 23

German word for hierarchy

Answer 23

Kratos

Question 24

means rule by officials. Today, the term refers to the system of administration of any large institution.

Answer 24

BUREAUCRACY

Question 25

He distinguished archaic, traditional societies from modern societies.

Answer 25

EMILE DURKEIM