Lesson 2 Flashcards
Refers to a group of people who live in a definable territory and share the same culture
Society
Consists of the people and institutions around us, our shared beliefs, and our cultural ideas
Society
Before the industrial revolution and the widespread use of machines, societies were small, rural and dependent largely on local resources
Traditional Society
Economic production was limited to the amount of labor a human being could provide and there were few specialized occupations.
Traditional society
The very first occupation
Hunter-gatherer
Demonstrate the strongest dependence on the environment of the various types of pre-industrial societies
Hunter-gatherer societies
As the basic structure of human society until about 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, these groups were based around kinship or tribes
Hunter-gatherer societies
Changing conditions and adaptations led some societies to rely on the domestication of animals where circumstances permitted.
Pastoral Society
Roughly 7, 500 years ago, human societies began to recognize their ability to tame and breed animals and to grow and cultivate their own plants
Pastoral Society
Around the same time that pastoral societies were on the rise, another type of society developed, based on the newly developed capacity for people to grow and cultivate plants
Horticultural Society
Formed in areas where rainfall and other conditions allowed them to grow stable crops
Horticultural Society
While pastoral and horticultural societies used small, temporary tools such as digging sticks or hoes, this society relied on permanent tools for survival
Agricultural Society
Around 3000 BCE, an explosion of new technology known as the _____ ____ made farming possible–and profitable
Agricultural Revolution
Learned to rotate the types of crops grown on their fields and to reuse waste products such as fertilizer which led to better harvests and bigger surpluses of food
Farmers
New tools for digging and harvesting were made of this, and this made them more effective and long lasting
metal
The ninth century gave rise to this type of society. These societies contained a strict hierarchical system of power based around land ownership and protection
Feudal Society
They are also known as lords, placed vassals in charge of pieces of land. In return for the resources that the land provided, vassals promised to fight for their lords
Nobility
Promised to fight for their lords
Vassals
From about 1750 to the present, productive technology: advanced sources of energy; mechanized production. Population size: millions of people. Settlement: cities contain most of the population. Distinct political, religious, educational, economic and family systems; highly specialized; social inequality persists, diminishing over time
Industrial Societies
5 major types of societies
Hunting and Gathering Society, Horticultural Society, Agricultural Society, Pastoral Society, Industrial Society
