Lesson 12: Identifying OS Types and Features Flashcards
A server administrator needs to set up a Linux server but mainly deals with Windows servers. The administrator wants to use a subscription-based version to have support when needed. Which of the following should the server administrator use?
A.Mint
B.SUSE Linux Enterprise
C.Fedora
D.Arch
B. SUSE Linux Enterprise
SUSE and Red Hat are subscription-based. Originally developed by Linus Torvalds, Linux is a fully open-source OS kernel derived from UNIX.
Other options
A. Mint is community-supported version of Linux.
C. Fedora, Debian, and Mint are community-supported. In addition, Linux can be a desktop or server operating system (OS). Apache, IBM, and Sun/Oracle are among the vendors producing end-user and server applications for Linux.
D. Arch is also another community-supported server.
A manager in charge of client images wants to test out new updates that do not make radical changes to Windows. What should the manager most likely look for?
A.Quality update
B.Feature update
C.Upgrade
D.Patches
A. Quality Update
In addition to feature updates, Windows is updated periodically with quality updates. Quality updates do not usually make radical changes to Windows, though some do include new features.
Other options
B. Feature updates for Windows 10 are identified with a name and number. For example, in July 2016, Microsoft released a Windows 10 feature update called Windows 10 Anniversary Update.
C. With Windows, the administrator must also have to consider the edition when upgrading. They can usually upgrade to the same or higher edition, but they cannot upgrade from a Home to an Enterprise edition.
D. During the supported phase when the product is being actively marketed, the vendor releases regular patches to fix critical security and operational issues.
A developer needs a laptop that will run MySQL locally for their development project. The minimum memory required is 16GB of RAM. Which architecture should the developer use?
A.x86
B.x64
C.Either x86 or x64 will work
D.ARM
B. x64
Each version and edition of Windows 10 was originally available as 32-bit (x86) or 64-bit (x64) software. The 64-bit version is needed because the 32-bit only supports 4 GB of system memory.
Other options
A. All 32-bit (x86) Windows editions are limited to 4 GB system memory. 64-bit editions all support much more RAM but have different limits for licensing purposes.
C. Both architectures will not work because the x86 architecture will not work.
D. The principal alternative to the standard x86/x64 CPU architecture is one devised by Advanced RISC Machines (ARM). ARM designs are used in the current generation of Apple hardware, in most Android smartphones and tablets.
A network administrator is looking for an alternative network operating system (NOS) but also does not want a steep learning curve. Which of the following optimizes for NOS functionality?
A.Windows 10
B.Windows 11
C.macOS
D.Windows Server 2019
D. Windows Server 2019
Windows Server 2019 and Windows Server 2022 are optimized for use as NOSs. They share the same underlying code and desktop interface as the client versions.
Other options
A. Windows 10 and Windows 11 are released in different editions to support business workstation and home PC use.
B. Both Windows 10 and Windows 11 are not necessarily built for network operating systems. If they were used, a virtual machine would need to be used on top of them.
C. macOS is the operating system that only supplies Apple-built workstations (Apple Mac desktops and Apple iMac all-in-ones) and laptops (Apple MacBooks).
An IT administrator at a university plans to push out security configurations to their computer lab to help prevent infection. Which of the following would best help the administrator?
A.Bitlocker
B.Group Policy
C.Remote Desktop Protocol
D.Services console
B. Group Policy
Group Policy is used to create and apply OS and software application settings. These could be configured on each machine individually, but more typically they are applied via policies configured on the domain controller.
Other options
A. BitLocker enables the user to encrypt all the information on a disk drive. Encryption means that data on the device is protected even if someone steals it. BitLocker is not supported in Windows Home edition.
C. Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) allows a user to connect to the machine and operate it over a network. While the Home edition has the RDP client software, it does not support an RDP server.
D. Services console (services.msc) starts, stops, and pauses processes running in the background.
The lead for a company’s vulnerability management program is looking at the mobile aspect of the company’s program. They started with end of life devices, then addressed patching statuses, and are now looking at hardening. Which of the following has the widest variety of change and will prove the most difficult?
A.iOS
B.iPadOS
C.Windows
D.Android
D. Android
Android software code is made publicly available. This means there is more scope for hardware vendors, such as Acer, Asus, HTC, LG, Motorola, OnePlus, Oppo, Samsung, Sony, and Xiaomi, to produce specific versions for their smartphones and tablets models.
Other options
A. iOS is the operating system for Apple’s iPhone smartphone and original models of the iPad tablet. Like macOS, iOS is also derived from UNIX and developed as a closed-source operating system.
B. The iPadOS has been developed from iOS to support the functionality of the latest iPad models (2019 and up).
C. Manufacturers have also redesigned Windows to support touch.
A Windows administrator wants to become more familiar with Linux but still wants to use Windows primarily. The administrator installs the bash subsystem for Windows and is reading about how Windows has made strides to become more compatible with Linux. Which of the following was part of the changes to the underlying New Technology File System (NTFS) structure?
A.Journaling
B.Snapshots
C.Case-sensitive naming
D.Indexing
C. Case-sensitive
To support UNIX/Linux compatibility, Microsoft engineered the New Technology File System (NTFS) to support case-sensitive naming, hard links, and other key features UNIX/Linux applications require.
Other options
A. When data is written to an NTFS volume, it is re-read, verified, and logged via journaling. In the event of a problem, the sector concerned is marked as bad and the data relocated.
B. Snapshots allow the Volume Shadow Copy Service to make read-only copies of files at given points in time, even if the file gets locked by another process.
D. The Indexing Service creates a catalog of file and folder locations and properties, speeding up searches.
A server administrator manages client images throughout their environment using a Windows Deployment Server. However, the security team asks for a specific test box that cannot be joined to the domain to test malware. Which of the following licenses could the administrator use for the test box to gain the desired results?
A.Education
B.OEM
C.Enterprise
D.Home
D. Home
The Windows Home edition cannot be joined to a domain. It is designed for domestic consumers and possibly small office home office (SOHO) business use.
Other options
A. Windows Education is a variant of the Enterprise and Pro editions designed for licensing by schools and colleges. Windows Enterprise and Education editions are only available via volume licensing.
B. An original equipment manufacturer (OEM) license means that the OS is pre-installed to a PC or laptop and is valid for that device only. The computer vendor is responsible for support.
C. Windows Enterprise has the full feature set but is only available via volume licensing.
A startup computer company sells laptops and desktops with pre-installed software. What type of license is the company using in this situation?
A.Home
B.Enterprise
C.OEM
D.Education
C. OEM
An original equipment manufacturer (OEM) license means that the OS is pre-installed to a PC or laptop and is valid for that device only. The computer vendor is responsible for support.
Other options
A. The Windows Home edition is designed for domestic consumers and possibly small office home office (SOHO) business use.
B. Windows Enterprise has the full feature set but is only available via volume licensing.
D. Windows Education is a variant of the Enterprise and Pro editions and is designed for licensing by schools and colleges. Windows Enterprise and Education editions are only available via volume licensing.
A client administrator plans an upgrade from Windows 10 to Windows 11 in the environment but has to plan from a budgetary perspective. What type of hardware requirement will the administrator need to consider?
A.TPM chip
B.App compatibility
C.Network protocol support
D.User training
A. TPM chip
The administrator needs to consider the TPM chip. Windows 11 requires a central processing unit (CPU) or motherboard with support for the trusted platform module (TPM) version 2.
Other options
B. The app ecosystem or the range of software available for a particular operating system (OS) is a big factor in determining whether an OS becomes established in the marketplace.
C. Devices running different operating systems cannot “talk” to one another directly. Instead, the operating systems must support common network protocols that allow data exchanged in a standard format.
D. An upgrade project must take account of user training, prepare training programs and self-help resources, and prepare technicians to provide support on the new interface.
Apart from Windows and macOS, what operating system options are there for client PCs installed to a local network?
The other main choice is one of the distributions of Linux.
A company might also use some sort of UNIX.
Finally, Chrome OS is installed on Chromebox PCs.
These are often used by educational institutions and businesses that rely primarily on web applications rather than locally installed desktop software.
You are advising a customer with an older-model Android smartphone. The customer wants to update to the latest version of Android, but using the update option results in a “No updates available” message. What type of issue is this, and what advice can you provide?
This is an issue with update limitations.
Android is quite a fragmented market, and customers must depend on the handset vendor to implement OS updates for a particular model. The customer can only check the handset vendor’s website or helpline to find out if a version update will ever be supported for that model.
What feature of modern file systems assists recovery after power outages or OS crash events?
Journaling means that the file system keeps a log of updates that it can use to recover damaged data. The OS might also make use of snapshot capability to maintain a file-version history or perform continuous backups.
A customer asks whether an iOS app that your company developed will also work on her Apple macOS computer. What issue does this raise, and what answer might you give?
The issue here is compatibility between different operating systems.
Even though both are produced by Apple, iOS and macOS use different environments, so the iOS app cannot necessarily be installed directly. Your company might make a macOS version. However (do not worry if you did not include this in your answer), with the latest versions of macOS, there is support for native iOS apps, so this might be something you can offer.
In terms of system hardware, what is the main advantage of a 64-bit version of Windows?
Support for more than 4 GB RAM.
