Lesson 12: 1954 Brown V Board of Education Flashcards

1
Q

Who challanged the state of Kansas on their education laws?

A

Oliver Brown, a church minister with the support of the NAACP

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2
Q

Why did Oliver Brown challenge the state of Kansas?

A

His 8 year old daughter travelled 20 blocks to an all black school whilst the white school was only 5 blocks away in Topeka.

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3
Q

Which NAACP lawyer helped Brown go to court?

A

Thurgood Marshall

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4
Q

Why was there a good chance of success in Kansas?

A

Because it wasn’t a southern state therefore less racist

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5
Q

What did Thurgood Marshall argue in court?

A

That segregation went against the 14th Amendment

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6
Q

What was the outcome of the case?

A

Supreme Court came to the conclusion that separate education was psychologically harmful for black children

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7
Q

Which 2 men in positions of power supported the black cause?

A

President Harry Truman (1945-53) showed support for black equality

Chief Justice Earl Warren persuaded fellow justices to support integration for 5 months

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8
Q

Which president did not support integration of schools?

A

Eisenhower (1953-61)

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9
Q

What did the psychological experiment of 10 black South Carolina children chosing white rather than black dolls in a test, prove to the supreme court?

A

That segregated schools produced inferiority complexes

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10
Q

How many school desegregated in the urban south within a year of the court ruling?

A

70% of schools

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11
Q

What was the failure of the Brown V Boards of Education case?

A

No date was given by the supreme court in which desegregation had to be done

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12
Q

Was desegregation implemented in the Deep South?

A

No schools remained segregated (Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana)

White campaigners in Virginia closed schools instead

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13
Q

What was formed in the South to try and keep segregation in schools?

A

White Citizens’ Councils

By 1956 they had 250,000

They challanged desegregation plans in the law courts

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14
Q

What kind of segregation still existed?

A

De Facto segregation

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