Lesson 10+11: Impact of Second World War on Civil Rights Flashcards
How many blacks served in the armed forces in ww2?
Over 1 million
What was the ‘Jim Crow Army’?
The name given to blacm regiments within the US army
What did segregation look like in the army?
Black and white soldiers kept apart in milotary parades, church services, on transport and in canteens
The Red Cross were forced to keep the blood of the black and whites apart
What did segregation look like in the air force and navy?
Black pilots were trained seperately from white pilots
(Blacks trained at Booker T Washingtons school in Tuskegee, Alabama)
Black sailors were given the dirtiest jobs
How were blacks positively impacted from the second world war?
MIGRATION?
4 million blacks migrated from south to north to work in factories
1942= 3% employed in defense industries were black
1944= 8%
How did migration affect Chicago’s population?
Rose from 250,000 in 1940 to 500,000 in 1950
How were the NAACP affected during the second world war?
NAACP membership grew from 50,000 to 450,000
33% of NAACP members were from the South
Trade Unions helped them with their campaign for equal education and voter registration
What did the FEPC do to help black cause in ww2?
Promoted equality in defense industries in which 2 million blacks were employed
How did Roosevelt negatively impact black cause during ww2?
He refused to integrate the armed forces
How did the FEPC negatively impact black cause?
66% of the 8000 job discrimination cases referred to the FEPC were dismissed and only 20% of Southern cases were black victories
How was there more activism during the second world war?
1942= James Farmer set up CORE
used nonviolent tactics to gain publicity - economic boycotts and sit-ins in Chicago
How many race riots were in 1943?
242 across North and West
What caused tension between blacks and whites?
Housing shortages meant greater competition and whites saw blacks as rivals
What were the impact of the riots in Detroit?
9 whites died
25 blacks died
800 people injured
What did the NAACP call fhe Detroit police force?
‘Gestapo of Detroit’
