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TCW (FINALS) > Lesson 11 Part 2 > Flashcards

Lesson 11 Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Give me country that has Conflict and Forced Displacement

A

Ukraine
Afghanistan
Myanmar

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2
Q

The ongoing conflict in Ukraine resulted in a ____________ , with millions seeking refuge in neighboring countries and beyond. ___________ nations experienced a significant influx of Ukrainian refugees.

A

massive displacement of people

European

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3
Q

Political instability and humanitarian crises in
________ continued to force people to flee, seeking asylum in nearby countries and further afield.

A

Afghanistan

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4
Q

Continued violence and persecution, particularly
against the Rohingya, led to ongoing refugee movements to countries such as ____________

A

Bangladesh, Malaysia, and Indonesia.

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5
Q

What example of Climate Change and Environmental Migration is this?

Displacement in the Pacific Islands due to rising sea levels and extreme weather events.

A

Natural Disaster

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6
Q

What example of Climate Change and Environmental Migration is this?

Areas affected by desertification, drought, and other
slow-onset environmental changes, such as parts of
Sub-Saharan Africa and Central America, saw
significant out-migration.

A

Slow-Onset Environmental Changes

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7
Q

What example of Migration Policies and Border Management is this?

US introduced new measures to streamline asylum
processes and address irregular migration.

A

Policy Shifts in the US and Europe

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8
Q

The United States and several European countries adjusted their ____________, balancing humanitarian concerns with border security.

A

immigration policies

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9
Q

The European Union continued to negotiate its ______________, aiming to create a more coordinated approach to managing migration and sharing responsibilities among member states.

A

migration and asylum pact

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10
Q

What example of Labor Mobility and Skills Migration is this

Countries such as Canada, Australia, and Germany intensified efforts to attract skilled migrants to address labor shortages in critical sectors. Programs targeting tech professionals, healthcare workers, and other high-demand occupations were expanded.

A

Global Talent Attraction

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11
Q

What example of Labor Mobility and Skills Migration is this

In regions like Asia and Latin America, economic integration and bilateral agreements facilitated increased labor mobility within regional blocs.

A

Intra-Regional Migration

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12
Q

What example of remittances and economic impact is this?

Despite economic challenges, global remittance flows remained strong, providing crucial support to economies in developing countries. Remittances proved resilient and essential for poverty reduction and development.

A

Record Remittance Flows

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13
Q

Key facts about recent trends in global
migration:

A

Increase in International Migrants
Economic Contributions

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14
Q

As of 2023, there are approximately ________ million international migrants worldwide. This figure represents about ____ % of the global population, indicating a steady increase in the movement of people across borders​

A

281

3.6

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15
Q

International remittances reached a total of USD _______ billion in 2022, a ________% increase from 2000. These remittances play a crucial role in the economies of many developing countries, often surpassing foreign direct investment​

A

831

650

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16
Q

Top 10 Reasons for Migration?

A

Economic Opportunities:
Family Reunification
Conflict and Political Instability
Environmental Factors
Education and Research
Pursuit of Freedom and Human Rights
Adventure and Lifestyle Change
Health and Healthcare
Quality of Life
Globalization and Labor Demand

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17
Q

What reason for migration is this?

Seeking better job prospects and higher wages is a significant driver of global migration. Many individuals move to other countries in search of improved economic conditions and the potential
for a higher standard of living.

A

Economic Opportunities

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18
Q

What reason for migration is this?

Family ties play a crucial role in migration decisions. People often move to join family members who have already settled in another country,
aiming to reunite with their loved ones.

A

Family Reunification

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19
Q

What reason for migration is this?

Armed conflicts, civil wars, and political instability can force people to flee their home countries
to seek safety and protection in other nations.

A

Conflict and Political Instability

20
Q

What reason for migration is this?

Some individuals migrate to escape oppressive regimes or cultural restrictions. They seek political freedom, freedom of speech, and the ability to live without fear of persecution for their race, religion, or political beliefs.

A

Pursuit of Freedom and Human Rights

21
Q

What reason for migration is this?

Some individuals migrate to experience a new culture, learn a new language, or pursue a different lifestyle. These individuals may not necessarily be fleeing hardship but are motivated by the desire for personal growth, new experiences, and exploration.

A

Adventure and Lifestyle Change:

22
Q

What reason for migration is this?

Some individuals migrate for better access to healthcare services, medical treatment, or to escape health crises in their home countries.

A

Health and Healthcare

23
Q

What reason for migration is this?

Factors such as political stability, safety, education, healthcare, and overall quality of life can influence migration decisions.

A

Quality of Life:

24
Q

What reason for migration is this?

Globalization has led to increased demand for skilled labor in various sectors, prompting migration of skilled workers and professionals to meet these needs.

A

Globalization and Labor Demand

25
Q

What reason for migration is this?

Environmental disasters, such as hurricanes, floods, droughts, and other climate-related events, can displace populations and drive environmental migrants seeking more favorable living conditions.

A

Environmental Factors

26
Q

What reason for migration is this?

Students and academics often migrate to other countries to pursue higher education, research
opportunities, or professional development.

A

Education and Research

27
Q

someone who has been forced to flee their country because of persecution, war, or violence. They have a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group.

A

Refugee

28
Q

United Nations agency mandated to aid and protect refugees, forcibly displaced communities, and stateless people, and to assist in their voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement to a third country.

A

The Office of the United Nations High
Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

29
Q

Unlike ________, who move primarily for economic reasons or family reunification, ________ are compelled to leave their homes for safety.

A

migrants

refugees

30
Q

This model differentiates between ______ factors
that drive people to leave home , from _______ factors that attract migrants to a new location.

A

“push– pull” model.

push
pull

31
Q

occurs within sending states, that is, those that send migrants abroad,

A

Push factors

32
Q

occur within receiving states, that is, states that receive immigrants from sending states abroad.

A

Pull factors

33
Q

negative aspects of the sending country

A

Push factors

34
Q

positive aspects of the receiving country.

A

Pull factors

35
Q

Push factors are the reasons why people leave an area. They include:

A

Economic Hardship:
Political Instability
Environmental Challenges
Lack of Basic Services:
Social and Cultural Factors
Demographic Pressures
Armed Conflicts and Violence
Lack of Educational and Professional Opportunities
Family Separation
Limited Freedom and Human Rights

36
Q

High levels of poverty, limited job opportunities, low wages, and lack of economic prospects can drive people to seek better livelihoods elsewhere.

A

Economic Hardship

37
Q

Political unrest, conflict, persecution, and human rights violations can force individuals to flee their home countries to find safety and security in other regions.

A

Political Instability

38
Q

Natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, earthquakes, and other environmental hazards, can lead to displacement and prompt people to move to more stable and habitable areas.

A

Environmental Challenges

39
Q

Limited access to essential services, such as education, healthcare, clean water, and sanitation, can push individuals to seek better living conditions in areas with better infrastructure and amenities.

A

Lack of Basic Services

40
Q

Discrimination, social exclusion, and cultural practices that hinder personal development or restrict opportunities may motivate people to migrate to more inclusive and accepting societies.

A

Social and Cultural Factors

41
Q

Rapid population growth and limited resources can create environmental stress and intensify competition for essential resources, prompting migration to less crowded areas.

A

Demographic Pressures

42
Q

Ongoing conflicts and violence in the form of wars, civil unrest, or gang-related activities can force people to leave their homes to escape danger and find safety elsewhere.

A

Armed Conflicts and Violence

43
Q

Limited access to quality education and professional development prospects can motivate individuals to move to regions offering better educational and career opportunities.

A

Lack of Educational and Professional Opportunities

44
Q

The desire to reunite with family members who have already migrated to other areas can act as a significant push factor.

A

Family Separation

45
Q

Suppression of personal freedoms, lack of human rights protections, and political oppression can drive individuals to seek refuge in countries that prioritize individual liberties and human rights

A

Limited Freedom and Human Rights

TCW (FINALS) (7 decks)

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