LESSON 1: HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF MICROBIO Flashcards
When was the golden age of microbiology
1875 - 1918
Year existed SPONTANEOUS
GENERATION
THEORY
384 BC – 17th CENTURY
When was the SECOND GOLDEN AGE OF MICROBIOLOGY
1920 - PRESENT
This tackles the study of organisms and
agents too small to be seen
clearly by the unaided eye
Microbiology
The philosopher who started the spontaneous generation theory
Aristotle
When was Aristotle created the spontaneous generation?
384-322 BC
This person accepted the ideas of Spontaneous Generation Theory
Joannes Baptista van Helmont (1580- 1644)
What era does spontaneous theory still accepted?
17th Century
-This person suggested that disease was caused by invisible living creatures.
Also believed:
-Illness and disease were thought
to have a supernatural cause.
- Many people thought it was due
to the wrath of God or evil spirits.
-Miasmatic Theory (Galen)
- Mal is bad
- Aria is air
- Bad air
1546-Dr. Girolamo Fracastoro
-This person published work on spontaneous generation of maggots
-Rotten meat were put in three jars, one jar have grown maggots in it
1668-Dr. Francesco Redi
-Discovered “animalcules”
-Also created microscope
1676-Antony Van Leeuwenhoek
-This person attempted to disprove Spontaneous Generation Theory
-Uses chicken broth to his experiment
1748 -Fr. John Needham
-This person introduced vaccination for smallpox.
-Uses milk of a cow
1796-Edward Jenner
-This person attacks Spontaneous Generation Theory
-Used gravy
1796-Fr. Lazzaro Spallanzani
-“Saviour of Mothers”
-Death rate in delivery room
was high leading to puerperal fever (childbed fever) as the cause
-Introduced handwashing
with chlorinated lime
solution
1847 – 1850-Philipp Ignaz Semmelweis
-This person discovered Epidemiology of cholera epidemic in London.
-Get tested the pump on London and discovered that the infected people are near at each other.
“Disease is not only transmitted through the air, but can also be
transmitted through contaminated items, like water.”
1854-John Snow
-This person showed that microorganisms did not arise from spontaneous generation.
-Created Pasteurization, Anthrax vaccine, Rabies vaccine, Fermentation
1861-Louis Pasteur
- This person was published work on antiseptic surgery.
-“Father of Antiseptic Surgery”
-Carbolic Spray was his devised
-Listerine was named before him
1867-Joseph Lister
This person was first published the following:
-1876 -1877
demonstrated that
anthrax is caused
by Bacillus
anthracis
-1881
cultured bacteria
on gelatin
-1882
discovered
tubercle bacilli
-1884
Koch’s Postulates
was first published
1884-Koch’s Postulates
-This person developed gram stain
-Divides bacteria into Gram
positive and gram negative
-Danish Bacteriologist
1884-Hans Christian Joachim Gram
-This person developed petri dish
(plate)
1887-Julius Richard Petri
-prepared antitoxins for diphtheria and tetanus.
-“Saviour of children”
-received the 1901 Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine, the
first one awarded in that field,
for his discovery of a
diphtheria antitoxin.
1890-Emil Adolf Von Behring
-This person discovered injections of serum from an animal with tetanus could confer immunity to the disease in other animals, and also that the same was true for diphtheria.
-The world’s first pure culture of the tetanus bacteria (bacilli) in 1889
-He also demonstrated immunity could be achieved with a serum containing an antitoxin, inventing what is now known as “serum therapy,”
Shibasaburo Kitasato
-Discovered penicillin
1929-Alexander Fleming
