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NCSF CPT EXAM > Lesson 1: Functional Anatomy > Flashcards

Lesson 1: Functional Anatomy Flashcards

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NASM ® CPT flashcards
1
Q

______ ______ is a type of fibrous connective tissue: that separates individual muscles and muscles groups.

A

Muscle Fascia

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2
Q

________ are made up of long, cylinder-like fibers (muscle cells).

A

Myofibrils

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3
Q

_________ are proteins within myofibrils that set the actions of muscle into motion.

A

Myofilaments

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4
Q

Thick myofilaments are known as ________ ; thin filaments are known as ________.

A

Myosin, actin

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5
Q

The intersection of two bones (articulation).

A

Joint

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6
Q

Tough Fibrous bands of connective tissue that supports internal organs and holds bones together properly in joints.

A

Ligament

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7
Q

Tough Fibrous band of connective tissue that connects muscles to bones.

A

Tendon

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8
Q

Terms for extremely flexible joints.

A

Hyper-mobility (joint laxity)

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9
Q

_______ joints consist of two bones that are united by fibrous tissues and exhibit little or no movement.

A

Fibrous

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10
Q

_______ joints unites two or bones by means of either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.

A

Cartilaginous

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11
Q

_______ joints contain synovial fluid and allow for considerable movements between articulating bones.

A

Synovial

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12
Q

Name the 5 regions of the vertebral column.

A 
Cervical vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae
Lumbar vertebrae
Sacral Bone
Coccygeal bone
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13
Q

The cervical and lumbar regions have a ________ curvature.

A

Lordotic

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14
Q

The thoracic and sacral spine have ________ curvature..

A

Kyphotic

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15
Q

Spinal positions that retrains the three natural curves.

A

Neutral Spine

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16
Q

______ ______ serve as a cushion between vertebrae of the spinal column.

A

Intervertebral discs

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17
Q

Name 3 anatomical positions of the pelvis.

A

Neutral Pelvic Position
Posterior Pelvic Tilt
Anterior Pelvic Tilt

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18
Q

A _______ pelvic tilt increases the convexity (lordosis) of the lumbar spine.

A

Anterior

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19
Q

A _______ pelvic tilt reduces the convexity, flattening the lumbar spine.

A

Posterior

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20
Q

Name the 4 muscles of the Rotator Cuff.

A

Supraspinatus (Posterior)
Infraspinatus (Posterior)
Teres Minor (Posterior)
Subscapularis (Anterior)

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21
Q

______ Plane dissects the body down the center into side-by-side halves.

A

Sagittal

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22
Q

Provide an example exercise of the Sagittal Plane.

A

Forward Lunge

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23
Q

______ Plane dissects the body into front and back halves.

A

Frontal

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24
Q

Provide an example exercise of the Frontal Plane

A

Cable lat pull-down

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25
Q

______ Plane dissects the body into superior and inferior components. (Top/Bottom)

A

Cable trunk rotation

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26
Q

A reference posture used in description in which the subject stands erect with feet parallel and arms adducted and supinated, with palms facing forward.

A

Anatomical Position

27
Q

The median plane of the body.

A

Midline

28
Q

Crease of the axilla (underarm).

A

Anterior Axillary Line

29
Q

A perpendicular line drawn downward from the apex of the axilla .

A

Midaxillary Line

30
Q

Placed before or in front.

A

Anterior

31
Q

Located Behind a part or toward the rear of a structure.

A

Posterior

32
Q

Situated nearest to point of attachment or origin.

A

Proximal

33
Q

Situated farthest from the point of attachment or origin, as a limb or bone.

A

Distal

34
Q

At, in, near or being the center, dividing a person into right or left halves.

A

Medial

35
Q

Situated or extending away from the medial plane of the body.

A

Lateral

36
Q

On, or relating to, the same side of the body.

A

Ipsilateral

37
Q

Name the components of the Axial skeleton.

A

Skull
Hyoid bone
Vertebral column
Rib cage

38
Q

Name the components of the Appendicular skeleton.

A

Limbs and their respective girdles

39
Q

Name the 4 bone classifications and give examples of each.

A

Long - Arms/Legs
Short - Hands/ Feet
Irregular - Vertebrae
Flat - Scapular

40
Q

On, or relating to, the same side of the body.

A

Contralateral

41
Q

Shallow proximity in relation to the surface.

A

Superficial

42
Q

Extending inward in relation to a surface layer.

A

Deep

43
Q

To bend; in hinge joints, the articulating bones move closer together; in ball and socket joints, the limbs moves anterior to the midaxillary line.

A

Flexion

44
Q

To straighten or extend; in hinge joints the articulating bones move away from each other; in ball and socket joints, the limbs move posterior to the midaxillary line.

A

Extension

45
Q

Spinal movement to the left or the right occurs at the neck and trunk.

A

Lateral Flexion

46
Q

Movement of a structure toward the anterior surface in a straight horizontal line.

A

Protraction

47
Q

Movement back to the anatomical position or additionally, posterior to functional range of motion.

A

Retraction

48
Q

Movement of the ball of the foot towards the shin.

A

Dorsi Flexion

49
Q

Movement of the ball of the foot away from the shin (towards the ground in anatomical position.

A

Plantar Flexion

50
Q

Unique rotation of the forearm which crosses the radius and the ulna uncross. The palms face posterior.

A

Pronation (Prone means lying face up)

51
Q

Unique rotation of the forearm which uncrosses the radius and the ulna. The palms faces anteriorly.

A

Supination (Supine means lying face down)

52
Q

Confined to the ankle: consists of turning the ankle so the plantar surface of the foot faces medially.

A

Inversion

53
Q

Confined to the ankle: consists of turning the ankle so the plantar surface of the foot faces laterally.

A

Eversion

54
Q

Movement away from the midline.

A

Abduction

55
Q

Movement toward the midline.

A

Adduction

56
Q

Joint action at the wrist that causes the hand to move medially toward the little finger in the frontal plane.

A

Ulnar deviation

57
Q

Joint action at the wrist that causes the hand to move laterally toward the thumb in the frontal plane.

A

Radial deviation

58
Q

Action at the shoulder and the hip joint where the articulating bone in rotated away from the body from anatomical position.

A

External Rotation

59
Q

Action at the shoulder and the hip joint where the articulating bone is rotated toward the body from anatomical position.

A

Internal Rotation

60
Q

Superior movement of the bone.

A

Elevation

61
Q

Inferior movement of the bone.

A

Depression

62
Q

Movement away from the midline in the transverse plane.

A

Horizontal abduction

63
Q

Movement toward the midline in the transverse plane.

A

Horizontal adduction

64
Q

The turning of a structure around its long axis.

A

Rotation

NCSF CPT EXAM (6 decks)

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