Lesson 1 and 2

Question 1

is a series of continuous, progressive contractions of the uterus which help the cervix to open (dilate) and to thin (efface), allowing the fetus to move through the birth canal.

Answer 1

Labor

Question 2

movement of the uterus

Answer 2

Contraction

Question 3

a series of passive, adoptive movements of the fetal head and shoulders smallest diameter to pass through the birth canal

Answer 3

Mechanism of Labor

Question 4

are the positional movements that the fetus undergoes to accommodate itself to the maternal pelvis

Answer 4

Mechanism of Labor

Question 5

Mechanism of Labor

Answer 5

Engagement
Descent
Flexion
Internal Rotation
Extension
External Rotation
Expulsion

Question 6

the biparietal diameter of the head passes the pelvic inlet

Answer 6

Engagement

Question 7

the head is fixed in the pelvis

Answer 7

Engagement

Question 8

occurs when the largest diameter of the fetal head fits into the largest diameter of the maternal pelvis

Answer 8

Engagement

Question 9

As the fetal head engages, the head moves towards the pelvic brim in either the left or right occipito-transverse position

Answer 9

Engagement

Question 10

This allows the widest part of the fetal head to fit through the widest part of the pelvic foot

Answer 10

Engagement

Question 11

the downward movement of the biparietal diameter of the fetal head within the pelvic inlet

Answer 11

Descent

Question 12

progress of the presenting part through the pelvis

Answer 12

Descent

Question 13

as Descent occurs, the head bends forward to the chest, making the smallest anteroposterior diameter (the suboccipitobregmatic diameter) present to the birth canal

Answer 13

Flexion

Question 14

is aided by abdominal muscle contraction during pushing

Answer 14

Flexion

Question 15

the head enters the pelvis with the fetal anteroposterior head diameter in a diagonal or transverse position

Answer 15

Internal Rotation

Question 16

fetal skull rotates along the axis from transverse to anteroposterior at pelvic outlet

Answer 16

Internal Rotation

Question 17

head passes the midpelvis

Answer 17

Internal Rotation

Question 18

as the occiput (head) is born, the back of the neck stops beneath the pubic arch and acts as a pivot for the rest of the head

Answer 18

Extension

Question 19

the head extends, and the foremost parts of the head, the face and chin

Answer 19

Extension

Question 20

almost immediately after the head of the infant is born, the head rotates from the anteroposterior position if assumed to enter

Answer 20

External Rotation

Question 21

once the shoulders are born, the rest of the baby is born easily and smoothly because of its smaller size

Answer 21

Expulsion

Question 22

SECOND STAGE OF LABOR – EXPULSION STAGE
Assessment:

Answer 22

signs of imminent delivery
progress descent
maternal/fetal vital signs
maternal pushing effort
vaginal distention
bulging of the perineum
crowning
birth of baby

Question 23

instrument used to listen to fetal heart tones/heartbeat

Answer 23

doppler

Question 24

is an incision of the perineum during delivery to enlarge the vaginal opening/outlet

Answer 24

Episiotomy

Question 25

incision is made in the middle of the perineum and directed toward the rectum

Answer 25

Median or Midline

Question 26

incision is made laterally to avoid anal sphincter if enlargement is needed

Answer 26

Mediolateral

Question 27

Signs of Placental Separation

Answer 27

a.) Calkin’s Sign b.) sudden gush of vaginal blood c.) lengthening of the umbilical cord

Question 28

earliest sign of placental separation

Answer 28

Calkin’s Sign

Question 29

change in shape of uterus from discoid uterine shape to globular

Answer 29

Calkin’s Sign

Question 30

- placenta separates from the center to the edge - clean presentation

Answer 30

a.) Schultz (Shiny)

Question 31

- placenta separates from the edge to the center - dirty presentation

Answer 31

b.) Duncan (Dirty)

Question 32

excessive bleeding that occurs after childbirth

Answer 32

Post-partum Hemorrhage

Question 33

a condition where the placenta partially or completely covers the cervix

Answer 33

Placenta Accreta

Question 34

decrease labor pain

Answer 34

Epidural Anesthesia

Question 35

relieve/decrease Episiorraphy pain

Answer 35

Local Anesthesia (lidocaine)

Question 36

is the surgical procedure of suturing or stitching up an episiotomy or perineal tear after childbirth

Answer 36

Episiorraphy

Question 37

a technique used in obstetrics to help deliver the placenta during the third stage of labor, which is the period after the baby is born but before the placenta is expelled.

Answer 37

Brandt – Andrews Maneuver

Question 38

refers to key routine practices in the care of the newborn, particularly at the time of birth and over the first hours of life, whether in the health facility or at lying in birthing center

Answer 38

ESSENTIAL INTRAPARTUM AND NEWBORN CARE

Question 39

globally accepted evidence-based protocol to essential newborn care focusing on the first week of life

Answer 39

ESSENTIAL INTRAPARTUM AND NEWBORN CARE (EINC)

Question 40

is a series of time bound, chronologically- ordered, standard procedures that a baby receives at birth.

Answer 40

Essential Newborn Care (ENC) Protocol

Question 41

Four Time-Bounded Interventions:

Answer 41

1. Immediate and thorough drying 2. Early skin-to-skin contact 3. Properly-timed cord clamping and cutting after 1 to 3 minutes 4. Non-separation of the newborn from the mother for early breastfeeding initiation and rooming-in. (Breastfeeding initiation)

Question 42

Approved Ophthalmic Agents for Crede's Prophylaxis

Answer 42

1. 1% silver nitrate 2. 0.5% erythromycin 3. 1% tetracycline 4. 2.5% povidone iodine drops

Question 43

Newborn Examination

Answer 43

1. Weighing 2. Thorough exam for deformities or abnormalities 3. Anthropometric Measurements 4. Bowel Patency 5. Vital Signs