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STS Lesson 1-2 > Lesson 1 > Flashcards

Lesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Advances in technology are the driver of change in social values and norms in society

A

Technological determinism

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2
Q

Technological determinism is associated with the ideas of

A

Thomas Veiblen or Karl Marx

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3
Q

The ___ shapes the ____

A

means of production(base), superstructure

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4
Q

was invented to revolutionized human mobility, allowing us to travel great
distances while carrying many items at the same time.

A

Wheels

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5
Q

This paved the way for global
travel and commerce, determining the very way our history unfolded.

A

Wheels

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6
Q

The automobile is one life-sized example of technological determinism as it
led to the creation of roads and the structural paving of the world.

A

Cars

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7
Q

Were the 19th century innovation that fundamentally changed humanity
around the globe.

A

Guns

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8
Q

It became a crucial part of wartime planning as well as a
significant symbol in politics and society to this day.

A

Guns

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9
Q

From infinite video content streaming across countless digital platforms
to the ability to simply capture life as it passes by, it plays a pivotal role in our present day-to-day

A

Cameras

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10
Q

The role of an individual to their society is related to their __ and ___ with respect to their
societies.

A

standing, class

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11
Q

____ have impacted the early social groups of our ancestors.

A

Creation of new tools/technology

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12
Q

Man’s earliest conquest involved ___

A

fire

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13
Q

Fire provides __???

A

warmth, cooking, food, preservation, and illumination

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14
Q

Neolithic Period/ New Stone Age:

A

8000-2000 BCE

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15
Q

is the first mineral that was mined which was ideal for tools and weapons

A

Flint

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16
Q

were also mined during prehistoric times

A

Gold and Copper

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17
Q

Center of agriculture

A

8000 BC ( The Fertile Crescent)

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18
Q

Knowledge fo growing food spread to the Mediterranean region and Western Europe such as __ __ __

A

oats, rye, and rice

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19
Q

Agriculture- Stimulated techonology with __ __ __

A

hoe, plow, and harrow

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20
Q

central to the creation of new social structure

A

Food Distribution

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21
Q

assigned to the distribution of food in the early social groups; making hunters take on leadership roles in the early society

A

Skilled hunters

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22
Q

further reinforced the idea of ownership of food and the ability of
controlling its distribution.

A

New Food preservation techniques

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23
Q

gave rise to early city-states and larger empire creation of new roles and creation
of newer social structures to regulate the increasing population

A

Success of agriculture

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24
Q

Advances in agriculture led to __ __ and the emergence of classes whose main
task is in the administration of people.

A

social stratification

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25
Q

The ___ ___ seen in large Iron Age empires may have been a means to maintain control of food production and building creation.

A

slavery system

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26
Q

Temple economy/Kingdoms: __, __, __

A

priests, scholars, monarchs

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27
Q

early engineers

A

Artisans, craftsmen

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28
Q

___ is concentrated around the city

A

Surplus of goods

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29
Q

more on the organization (slave labor) than on machines

A

Megastructures

30
Q

Administration – Laws were established such as:

A

▪ Code of Hammurabi
▪ Greek Senate
▪ Roman Laws
▪ Bible

31
Q

Grouping with respect to occupation

A

Occupational Stratification

32
Q

Role of Elites and Wealthy class

A

Philosophers

33
Q

a precursor to the scientific method

A

A priori and posteriori thinking

34
Q

Greek Philosophers

A

▪ Aristotle
▪ Plato
▪ Socrates
▪ Heraclitus

35
Q

Roman Philosophers

A

▪ Marcus Aurelius
▪ Cicero
▪ Seneca

36
Q

Roman Empire era

A

(753 BC – AD 476)

37
Q

One of the largest and most powerful political, military and cultural powers in history

A

Roman Empire

38
Q

Where was the Roman Empire founded

A

ancient Italy (Etruria and Latium)

39
Q

Roman Empire is Divided into three periods:

A

▪ Regal
▪ Republican
▪ Imperial

40
Q

one of ancient Rome’s most successful leaders; first
emperor of Rome

A

Caesar Augustus

41
Q

Caesar Augustus was born with the name ___

A

Gaius Octavius

42
Q

The era in the “middle” of the fall of Rome and the rise of the Renaissance

A

MEDIEVAL PERIOD

43
Q

Middle Ages or Dark Ages

A

MEDIEVAL PERIOD

44
Q

No single state or government united the people in the European continent

A

MEDIEVAL PERIOD

45
Q

became the most powerful institution of the medieval period.

A

Catholic Church

46
Q

process of making gunpowder, proposed flying machines,
motorized ships and carriages, invented magnifying glass.

A

Roger Bacon (Franciscan Friar)

47
Q

During Medieval Ages, developments in abstract thought and sciences were seen more in the

A

Islamic and Chinese
empires

48
Q

is the center of culture

A

Monastery

49
Q

Period of European cultural, artistic, political and economic “rebirth” following the Middle
Ages; promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature and art.

A

RENAISSANCE

50
Q

Where did Rennaisance period start

A

Florence, Italy

51
Q

Sea navigation flourished; voyagers launched expeditions to travel the entire globe;
discovered new shipping routes to the Americas, India and the Far East and explorers
trekked across areas that weren’t fully mapped.

A

RENAISSANCE

52
Q

Incorporated scientific principles, such as anatomy; recreate the human body with
extraordinary precision

A

Leonardo da Vinci

53
Q

Studied mathematics to accurately engineer and design immense buildings with
expansive domes

A

Filippo Brunelleschi

54
Q

Presented a new view of astronomy and mathematics

A

Galileo Galilei

55
Q

Proposed that the sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system (heliocentric
theory)

A

Nicolaus Copernicus

56
Q

deductive reasoning through his works on “Discourse on Methods”

A

Rene Descartes

57
Q

need of rigorous data collection to prove or disprove a proposition

A

Francis Bacon

58
Q

were both established
in the 1660s

A

The Royal Academy of London and French Royal Academy of Sciences

59
Q

Formalizing a group and instituting an organization consolidates certain __ and
vision amongs its member resulting to ___ of ideas/concepts

A

common goals, standardization

60
Q

The group may be ___ to outsiders yet at the same time promote __ and
eventually gain authority over their fields of pursuit.

A

exclusive, prestige

61
Q

was a period of rapid production of goods largely driven by
advances in science and technology, finance, and politics; transition from creating goods by
hand to using machines

A

The industrial revolution

62
Q

It has brought rapid social change that made lives of people a little more complex.

A

The industrial revolution

63
Q

who coined the term creative destruction

A

Joseph Schumpeter (Austrian economist)

64
Q

To have innovation and create new things, old structures are needed to be destroyed.

A

Creative Destruction

65
Q

First manifested in the case of the Luddites and was recently observed in the case of
Blockbuster, CDs to USB to Cloud Storage, etc.

A

Creative Destruction

66
Q

were textile workers who began burning textile factories

A

luddites

67
Q

More efficient transport than horses; impact on the work of coachmen, stable
persons, and horse manure street cleaners

A

Cars

68
Q

More efficient gas for lighting; less work for whalers that hunt
for whales for their oil

A

Discovery of kerosene

69
Q

a better and faster way to communicate readable material to other people;
eventual destruction of the postal system.

A

Email

70
Q

more efficient and free way to disseminate knowledge;
possible destruction of the current educational system

A

Internet and online learning

STS Lesson 1-2 (4 decks)

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