lesson 1 Flashcards
is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism
cell
most cells are so small that you cannot see them without the help of a ______
microscope
it was not until 1665 that English Scientist ______ invented a ________ & observed cells for the first time by looking at a piece of cork
Robert Hooke, Basic Light microscope
A more powerful microscope, called an _______, passes a beam of electrons through the specimen
electron microscope
he observed bark of cork trees under a microscope. He thought the objects looked like individual rooms in a _____, which were called cells.
Robert Hooke, Monastery
He is a Dutch Scientist. In _______ he used ________. He saw single celled “animals” swimming in the water & called them “________” He was the first person to observe bacteria
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
1683
Simple Microscope
Animacules
Concluded that all plant tissues are composed of cells. Declared that cell is the basic building block of all plant matter
Matthias Schleiden
Concluded that all animal tissues are composed of cells.
Theodore Schwann
What is the Cell Theory?
- All organisms are composed of cells
- Cells are the basic unit of life.
- All cells came from the division of pre-existing cells
He proposed that all cells result from the division of pre-existing living cells.
Rudolph Virchow
What are the Function of Cells?
Metabolism
Response
Homeostasis
Growth
Reproduction
Nutrition
Defense
FOC: Chemical Reactions inside the cell
Metabolism
FOC: Perceiving & receiving to changes in the environment
Response
FOC: Keeping conditions inside the organism w/in tolerable limits
Homeostasis
FOC: increase in size
Growth
FOC: producing offspring
Reproduction
FOC: Obtaining food to provide energy for growth
Nutrition
FOC: protection against enemies
Defense
What are the specialized cells?
RBC
Nerve Cells
Skin cells
Shaped like flat discs to move easily& quickly through blood vessels & deliver oxygen all over the body
Red Blood Cells
Long& stringy in order to form a line of communication with other nerve cells, like a wire
Nerve Cells
Flat& fit tightly together to protect your body
Skin cells
He discovered cell in 1665
Robert Hooke
He observed living cell in 1674
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
He discovered Nucleus in 1833
Robert Brown
He discovered fluid content of cell in 1835
Felix Dujardin
he named the fluid content of the cell as protoplasm in 1839
J. E Purkinje
an organism that is made up of only one cell
Unicellular organism
an organism that is made up of more than one cell
Multicellular Organism
Smallest Cell
Mycoplasma (0.1 micrometer)
The unit used to measure size of a cell
micrometer
Largest cell
Ostrich egg (18cm)
Smallest, Largest, Longest cell in Human
Sperm Cell (5 micrometer)
Ovum Cell (120 micrometer)
Nerve Cell (1m)
Can change their shape to engulf the microorganisms that enter the body
Human White Blood Cells
Circular biconcave for easy passage through human capillaries
Human RBCs
The structure of a cell as seen under an electron microscope is called _______
ultrastructure
Maximum magnification of compound & electron microscope
2000x
500,000x
