Lesson 1 Flashcards
remote control
rimokom
lamp
ranpu
VCR
bedeo dekki
tissue
tisshu
cotton swab
めんぼう
stairway
かいだん
sofa
sofa
dresser
たんす
extension cord
えんちょう ko-do
bookshelf
ほんだな
sugar
さとう
microwave
でんし renji
stove
renji
ketchup
kechappu
mustard
masutaado
soy sauce
しょうゆ
freezer
れいとうこ
mayonnaise
mayoneezu
kitchen knife
ほうちょう
always
いつも
sometimes
ときどき
dog house
いぬごや
one’s home or house
うち
bedroom; room
へや
ball
たま
park
こうえん
police; police station
けいさつ
hotel
hoteru
McDonalds
makku
everyday
まいにち
every week
まいしゅう
every month
まいつき
every year
まいとし
to be; to have (animate) (いる/える)
いる
to be; to have (inanimate) (regular)
ある
いる/える conjugation
If the last two hiragana syllables of the verb dictionary form rhyme with いる or える
For the polite form conjugation:
drop る+verb ending
Regular verbs
Regular verbs are any dictionary form not ending in る is a regular verb.
いる/える exceptions
Some verbs rhyme with いる/える but are considered regular verbs. One exception is かえる (to return). They are conjugation just like regular verbs.
Irregular verbs
They do not follow any standard conjugation and have to be memorized. Such verbs are くる (to come) and する (to do).
Drop る then change the remainder to い form+verb ending
The particle と
To can mean “and” and is always between two words. The “with” version is always used after a word, never between.
いる Verb usage
This is used for all living things that are animate. The particle が is used to mark the animate thing that is いる. For emphasis, は can be used.
(someone/animal) が/は (place) に いる
(someone/animal) is in/at (place)
[place] に (someone) が いる
There is (someone) in/at (place)
ある verb usage
Is used for inanimate objects that are not alive. Conjugate regularly in polite form.
By default the subject particle が marks the item that exists or is had. Emphasis can be used with は. Places can be marked with に.
(something) は (place) に ある
(something) is at/in (place)
(place) に (something) が ある
There (something) in/at (place)
elevator
工rebe-ta-
air conditioner
工アkon
animation
アnime
orange
オrenji
sloppy, approximate
アbaウto
italian
イtariアn
open
オ-pun
almond
ア-mondo
ink
イnku
omlete
オmuretsu
car turn signal
ウイnka-
uranium
ウran
air
エアー
towel
taオru
onion
オniオn
quiz
kuイzu
ice cream
アイsu
ace
エーsu
dice
saイkoro
a lot; many
たくさん
department store
depaato
speciality store
せんもんてん
supermarket
su-pa-
drug store
くすりや
book store
ほんや
convenient store
konbini
vegetable store
やおや
butcher store
(お)にくや
gas station
gasorin sutando
drive through
Dora イbusuruu
take out
もちかえり
delivery (food)
でまえ
fast food
faasuto fuudo
