Lesson 03: Everyday Phrases, Basic Grammar

Question 1

yes

Answer 1

да

Question 2

no

Answer 2

нет

Question 3

This, that, it

Answer 3

Это

Question 4

Thank you

Answer 4

СпасИбо

Question 5

Good morning

Answer 5

ДОброе Утро

Question 6

Good day

Answer 6

ДОбрый день

Question 7

Good bye

Answer 7

До свидАния

Question 8

Excuse me/I’m sorry

Answer 8

ПростИте

Question 9

please/You’re welcome

Answer 9

пожАлуйста

уй normally silent in this word

Question 10

Hello (familiar)

Answer 10

ЗдрАвствуйте

in this word, the first в is normally silent

Question 11

where

Answer 11

где

in fast speech, the г is often elided

Question 12

one

Answer 12

одИн

Question 13

two

Answer 13

два

Question 14

three

Answer 14

три

Question 15

four

Answer 15

четЫрие

Question 16

five

Answer 16

пять

Question 17

A. What’s this?

B. It’s tea

Answer 17

A. Что это?

Б. Это чай.

Question 18

A. Thank you.

B. Don’t mention it.

Answer 18

А. Спасибо.

Б. Пожалуйста.

Question 19

A. What’s this?

B. It’s a rouble.

Answer 19

А. Что это?

Б. Это рубль.

Question 20

A. Where is Vladimir?

B. There he is.

Answer 20

А. Где ВладИмир?

Б. Вот он.

Question 21

A. Where is the tea?

B. Here/there it is.

Answer 21

А. Где чай?

Б. Вот он.

Question 22

A. Where is the vodka?

B. Here/there it is.

Answer 22

А. Где водка?

Б. Вот она.

Question 23

А. Where is the menu?

B. Here/there it is.

Answer 23

А. Где менЮ?

Б. Вот оно.

Question 24

A. Thank you.

B. Don’t mention it.

Answer 24

А. Спасибо.

Б. Пожалуйста.

Question 25

A. Excuse me, is this wine? | B. No, it’s vodka.

Answer 25

А. Простите, это винО? | Б. Нет, это водка.

Question 26

A. Two, please. B. Here you are. A. Thank you. B. You’re welcome.

Answer 26

А. Два, пожалуйста. Б. Пожалуйста. А. Спасибо. Б. Пожалуйста.

Question 27

Does Russian use the verb “to be?” How do we write a sentence that in English would be Subject Linking-verb Predicate-Nominative? (e.g. “Mary is an Englishwoman.”)

Answer 27

Not in most places where we would use it in English. Subject “—“ Predicate-nominative (e.g. «Мэри—англичанка.»)

Question 28

What are the Russian articles?

Answer 28

Russian has no articles.

Question 29

A. What’s this? B. It’s beetroot soup. C. And what’s this? D. It’s sour cream.

Answer 29

А. Что это? Б. Это борщ. А. А что это? Б. Это сметАна.

Question 30

What are the genders in Russian?

Answer 30

Russian has three genders: Masculine Feminine Neuter

Question 31

What are the [nominative singular] endings for most masculine nouns?

Answer 31

1. Any consonant | 2. -й

Question 32

What are the [nominative singular] endings for most feminine nouns?

Answer 32

1. -а | 2. -я

Question 33

What are the [nominative singular] endings for most neuter nouns?

Answer 33

1. -o | 2. -e

Question 34

What gender are nouns with a nominative singular ending of | -ь?

Answer 34

Most are feminine, but many are masculine. These must be learned on a case-by-case basis.

Question 35

Are all [nominative singular] nouns ending in -а or -я feminine.

Answer 35

No. Some words (especially names) referring to boys or men end in -а or -я and are masculine.

Question 36

What gender are words ending in -и, -у, or -ю?

Answer 36

Typically these words are neuter (one exception to this rule is names. Names always take the gender of the person they signify). They are almost all borrowed from foreign languages. They are indeclinable, as well.

Question 37

What about names and other words denoting female people which don’t end in -а, -я or -ь?

Answer 37

These words are typically borrowed from foreign languages. If the words are names or directly refer to girls/women, they are feminine. They are also indeclinable.

Question 38

it

Answer 38

он (masculine) она (feminine) оно (neuter)

Question 39

Englishwoman

Answer 39

ангичАнка (cf. Anglican)

Question 40

beetroot soup

Answer 40

борщ (En: borscht)

Question 41

brother

Answer 41

брат (cf. en. brat)

Question 42

Vania (nickname for Ivan)

Answer 42

BАня (m)

Question 43

wine

Answer 43

винО (es/it vino)

Question 44

vodka

Answer 44

вОдка

Question 45

newspaper

Answer 45

газЕта (cf. en/fr gazette)

Question 46

door

Answer 46

дверь (f)

Question 47

day

Answer 47

день (m)

Question 48

house

Answer 48

дом (cf. domestic)

Question 49

uncle

Answer 49

дЯдя (m)

Question 50

mother

Answer 50

мать (f) (l. mater, cf. en. maternal)

Question 51

menu

Answer 51

менЮ (n)

Question 52

Moscow

Answer 52

МосквА

Question 53

window

Answer 53

окнО

Question 54

father, dad

Answer 54

пАпа (m) (cf. en. poppa)

Question 55

rouble

Answer 55

рУбль (m)

Question 56

Siberia

Answer 56

СибИрь (f)

Question 57

sour cream

Answer 57

сметАна

Question 58

taxi

Answer 58

таксИ (n)

Question 59

exercise

Answer 59

упражнЕние

Question 60

morning

Answer 60

Утро

Question 61

tea

Answer 61

чай

Question 62

сhocolate

Answer 62

шоколАд

Question 63

where

Answer 63

где

Question 64

what

Answer 64

что (the ч in this word is pronounced like ш)

Question 65

he, masculine it

Answer 65

он

Question 66

she, feminine it

Answer 66

она

Question 67

neuter it

Answer 67

оно

Question 68

this/that/it (the latter before the identity of the item is known)

Answer 68

Это

Question 69

and/but (indicating a slight contrast)

Answer 69

а

Question 70

here/there (when pointing)

Answer 70

вот